Relationships Among Perceived Stress,Self-efficacy And Coping Styles In Nurses

ObjectiveTo investigate status of perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles in nurses,and to analyze factors of the three,to explore the correlation between perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles of nurses and the forecast effect between them and to analyze the intermediation of self-efficacy between nurses'perceived stress and coping styles in nurses,in order to provide reference data and empirical support to improve the nurses'self-efficacy,to choose positive coping styles,in order to reduce the pressure of nurses.Methodsliterature analysis was conducted to explore the theoretical mechanism of perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles in nurses and theorical basis that were used in this study.600 registered nurses who conform to the standard were measured by using Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),Coping Styles Questionnaire for assessment tools though questionnaire survey to collect their corresponding data of perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles.Perceived stress,general self-efficacy and coping styles were analyzed by variance test or t test on the general information;correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between perceived stress,general self-efficacy and coping styles;and multiple stepwise regression analysis method was used to discuss the predictive function of perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles and analyze the intermediation of self-efficacy between nurses'perceived stress and coping styles in nurses by Bootstrapping,SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences)22.0 software was used in all the processes.Results1.The current situation of perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping stylesThe gross score of nurses'perceived stress was(27.20±5.669)points,the job stressors,mature coping styles age,general self-efficacy,immature coping styles,work time and whether the one-child influence perceived stress,all variables entering the model could explain21.6%(AdjustedR~2=21.6%),and the job stressors the primary factors.The average score of general self-efficacy of nurses was(2.14±0.576)points,factors are immature coping styles,marital status,perceived stress,problem solving,gender,and employment form,all variables entering the model could explain13.8%(AdjustedR~2=13.8%),and the foremost factor is perceived stress.There are six dimensions in the coping style,and average scored like this:to solve the problem with(0.73±0.186)points,to seek help with(0.62±0.225)points,self-accusation with(0.37±0.268)points,fantasy with(0.62±0.225)points,to escape with(0.47±0.253)points,rationalization with(0.49±0.216)points;mature coping styles,including problem solving and seeking help scored(0.68±0.164)points;immature coping styles,including self-accusation,fantasy,and escape scored(0.49±0.201)points.Regression results show that perceived stress and general self-efficacy are the main factors of problem solving and seeking help,general self-efficacy is the main factor of the immature coping styles and perceived distress is the primary factor.2.The correlation between perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles Perceived stress was negatively correlated to the general self-efficacy(r=0.234,p<0.01)and the mature coping styles(r=0.158,p<0.01),while immature coping styles(r=0.081,p<0.05)and rationalization(r=0.116,p<0.05)are positive correlation with perceived stress;general self-efficacy and solving the problem are positive correlation(r=0.178,p<0.01),and turn negative correlation with seeking help(r=0.108,p<0.05),and immature coping styles(r=0.170,p<0.01).3.The intermediation of self-efficacyThe intermediary effect of self-efficacy between perceived stress and solve the problem is significantly,95%CI(-0.0255,-0.0014),and numerical value is-0.0109;the intermediary effect of self-efficacy between perceived stress and seeking help is significantly,95%CI(0.0058,0.0262),and numerical value is 0.0141;the intermediary effect of self-efficacy between perceived stress and immature coping styles is significantly,95%CI(0.0108,0.0708),and numerical value is 0.0353.Conclusions1.Nurses'perceived stress scored higher,belonging to a health hazard,general self-efficacy on the low side,and nurses choose more mature coping styles to cope with stress.2.perceived stress,self-efficacy and coping styles are relatied closely,and the predictive effects are obvious,self-efficacy have certain intermediation between perceived stress and coping styles.Therefore,to improve the nurses'self-efficacy,can promote the choice of more mature coping,to reduce the immature coping,thus to relieve nurses perceived stress effectively.