| Objective: Analyze the status and risk factors of nosocomial infections in a pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)in a hospital in Urumqi.Methods: A total of 2686 children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)from a hospital in Urumqi from January 1,2016 to December 31,2018 were selected as the research subjects.Nosocomial infection was divided into nosocomial infection Group(54 cases)and non-hospital infection group(2632 cases),conducted a retrospective survey,collected corresponding clinical data for inductive statistics,listed the influencing factors of nosocomial infection,and proposed corresponding prevention and intervention measures.Results: 1)Current status of infection: 54 out of 2686 PICU hospitalized children had nosocomial infections,the number of infections was 71,the incidence of nosocomial infections in PICU was 2.01%,and the nosocomial infections rate in PICU was 2.64%.2)Respiratory system infection was the most common in the infection site,with 44 cases(61.97%),followed by urinary tract infection,with 9 cases(12.68%).Gastrointestinal infection ranked third,with 8 cases.(11.27%),there were 3 cases of hematological infections,accounting for 4.22%.In addition,there were intracranial infections,skin and soft tissue infections,and superficial incision infections,which occurred in 1 case each,accounting for 1.41%.There were 4 cases of infection in other parts,accounting for 5.63%.3)The pathogens causing infection are mainly Gram-negative bacteria,Gram-positive bacteria,and fungi.There are a total of 66 strains and 35 Gram-negative bacteria(53.03%).(21.21%);16 Gram-positive bacteria(24.24%),of which Enterococcus faecium was detected the most,a total of 7(10.6%),15 fungi(22.72%).4)The incidence of nosocomial infections in PICU in 2016,2017,and 2018 were 2.61%,1.95%,and 1.62%.The difference between the three years was analyzed by chi-square test.There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection between the infected and non-infected groups in each year.5)Single factor analysis of risk factors for PICU nosocomial infections.Statistical analysis of the incidence of nosocomial infections among patients from clinical data,basic diseases,invasive procedures,and other aspects of the patient was performed.Factors such as the number of days in the intensive care unit,the source of admission,and the number of comorbidities were closely related to PICU nosocomial infection.The comparison among basic diseases showed that solid tumors,circulatory system diseases,central nervous system diseases,and hematopoietic system diseases were statistically significant,suggesting that children with these diseases are prone to nosocomial infections.Comparison between invasive procedures: there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of mechanical ventilation and indwelling catheterization.2.Age,length of stay in intensive care unit,number of comorbidities,mechanical ventilation,and indwelling catheterization were the main risk factors for nosocomial infections(OR values were 0.751,11.794,2.948,2.977,2.204).Conclusion: 1)The high incidence sites of PICU nosocomial infection are respiratory tract,urinary tract,and gastrointestinal tract;2)The most common pathogens of nosocomial infections are mainly Gram-negative bacteria,and the top three pathogenic bacteria are Acinetobacter baumannii,Enterococcus faecium,and Escherichia coli;3)Relevant risk factors for nosocomial infection are age,number of days in the intensive care unit,source of admission,number of comorbidities,solid tumors,circulatory system disease,central nervous system disease,hematopoietic system disease,mechanical ventilation,indwelling catheterization;Risk factors include age,length of stay in the intensive care unit,number of comorbidities,mechanical ventilation,and indwelling catheterization;4)Take intervention measures according to the high incidence of nosocomial infections and some people with risk factors to minimize the incidence of nosocomial infections. |
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