Study On The Undergraduate Training Model And Improvement Of Public Health Talents In 6 Colleges And Universities In China

Objective:This study aims to learn the voluntary application,the training objectives,the proportion of class hours in basic medicine,clinical medicine and public health courses,the clinical and public health practices in 6 colleges and universities in China,to provide decision-making suggestions for further improving the teaching arrangement and practice of public health undergraduates.Methods:By using the method of combining clustering with convenient sampling,6 universities were selected from the east,middle and west of China.In the part of the perspective of educational institutions,we learned the professional settings and the situation of voluntary enrollment from 2012 to 2016 of school of public health.This part of the data was collected by EDDC platform and filled in by teachers in charge of undergraduate education in colleges and universities.From the perspective of educational recipients,the fifth grades students of preventive medicine major were surveyed with questionnaires to understand the information of the attitudes and suggestions of clinical and public health practice.In the part of the perspective of education providers and managers,qualitative research method was used to understand the experts’ views on core competence of public health personnel and the points to be improved in teaching practice arrangement.Results:Preventive medicine majors were established in 6 colleges and universities.Although the training objectives of preventive medicine undergraduate education had their own characteristics,they all contained the requirements of basic theoretical knowledge,practical ability,professional ethics and comprehensive ability.From 2012 to 2016,the trend of the total enrollment was relatively stable in four universities,and there was a trend of increasing or fluctuating in two universities.The proportion of first or second volunteers in total enrollment was39.66%.Except D University,the average proportion of the other five universities was less than 35%.In terms of the proportion of class hours in basic medicine,clinical medicine and public health,clinical medicine(23.67%)was lower than basic medicine(38.24%)and public health(38.09%),26.34%of the students thought that the knowledge they learned in college education could not meet the basic requirements of practical work,mainly because of the disconnection between theory and practice,and the insufficiency of basic skills.More than 88%of the students agreed with the harvest and necessity of clinical practice and public health practice.The proportion of students who think that public health practice needs reform was 28.36%,which was higher than clinical practice(40.77%)(P<0.001).The problems and suggestions for the two types of internship mainly focus on the time arrangement,content setting and so on.In the interview results,the experts mentioned that the core competencies of public health talents mainly focus on knowledge and skills,learning ability and adaptability,teamwork ability and so on,and put forward suggestions for improving the training of public health talents in the aspects of social needs,teaching mode and professional identity.Conclusions:6 universities in China had the requirements of theory,practice,professional accomplishment and expanding ability in terms of undergraduate training objectives of public health talents.The proportion of non-first-choice students entering college was high.Compared with basic and public health courses,clinical courses had a lower proportion of class hours.There were many aspects to be improved in clinical and public health practice.Emphasis should be placed on enhancing students’ understanding and recognition of disciplines.The teaching and practice of clinical and public health were improved by improving teaching methods,adjusting time arrangement,increasing learning opportunities and so on.