A Study Self-Efficacy And Nursing Burden And Negative Emotion Of Family Caregivers In The Elderly With Mild To Moderate Disability At Home

Objective: To observe the self-efficacy of the elderly with mild to moderate disability at home and the nursing burden of family caregivers,the present situation of negative emotion and its influencing factors.To analyze the correlation between self-efficacy and nursing burden and negative emotion of family caregivers in the elderly with mild or moderate disability at home,and to provide scientific reference basis for improving the quality of life of the disabled elderly and family caregivers at home.Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey and multi-stage hierarchical cluster random sampling method,1905 elderly people aged 60 and over from 8 neighborhood committees in Guiyang City were randomly selected to carry out a questionnaire survey.234 cases of mild and moderate disability elderly and their family caregivers were selected.The instrument for disabled elderly consisted of general information,Katz's Index,General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES).The instrument for family caregivers consisted of general information,Zarit caregiver Burden Interview(ZBI),Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS).Using SPSS19.0 software for data analysis.Statistical methods include descriptive analysis,single factor variance analysis,pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and so on,the inspection level ?=0.05.Results:(1)In this study,174(74.36%)and 60(25.64%)elderly patients with mild and moderate disability were selected,and a total of 234 family caregivers were investigated.(2)There were 96.15% of the elderly with mild to moderate disability in the middle and low self-efficacy.(3)Family caregivers had nursing burden in 85.89%,anxiety and depression in 43.59% and 74.36%.(4)Univariate analysis shows that,there was a statistical correlation with the self-efficacy level of the elderly with mild to moderate disability: age,marital status,monthly income level,mode of residence,number of chronic diseases,radius of medical services,age of family caregivers,nationality,Working conditions,educational level,religious beliefs,relationship with caregivers,day care time,care years,care knowledge needs,the degree of nursing burden and depression(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the nursing burden of family caregivers with the age of the elderly with mild to moderate disabilities,marital status,educational level,mode of residence,radius of medical services,age,sex,nationality,working status and educational level of family caregivers.Total monthly family income,relationship with caregivers,sunshine care time,care years,nursing competence,knowledge of care,the degree of anxiety and depression(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the anxiety level of family caregivers with the age of the elderly with mild to moderate disability,the number of children,the level of monthly income,the way of living,the age of the family caregiver,the working status,the educational level,the total monthly income of the family,and the time of day care.Nursing years,nursing competence,knowledge of care and the degree of nursing burden(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the depression level of family caregivers with the gender,educational level,number of children,ethnic group of family caregivers,work status,education level,relationship with caregivers,years of care,care knowledge needs,the degree of nursing burden and anxiety(P <0.05).(5)Multiple linear regression analysis showed that,there was a statistical correlation with the self-efficacy level of the home mild to moderate disability elderly age(95%CI: 3.761~8.472),the medical service radius(95%CI:-4.552~-1.149),age of family caregivers(95%CI:-6.342~-0.134),monthly income of disabled elderly people(95%CI:-2.940~-0.421)(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the nursing burden of family caregivers is the family caregivers anxiety levels(95%CI: 1.633 ~6.534),day care time(95%CI: 1.819~5.412),caring competence(95%CI:-8.221~-3.142),age(95%CI: 4.956~10.556),knowledge of care(95%CI:-6.898~-0.242),total monthly income(95%CI:-7.410~-2.927)(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the anxiety level of family caregivers with the level of care burden for family caregivers(95%CI: 1.801~4.108),caring competence(95%CI:-5.167~-2.525),total monthly income(95%CI:-2.625~-0.110)(P <0.05);there was a statistical correlation between the depression level of family caregivers with the family caregiver nation(95%CI: 3.444~10.553),relationships with caregivers(95%CI:-1.977~-0.310),working conditions(95%CI:-4.313~-0.747)(P <0.05).(6)The self-efficacy of the disabled elderly was negatively correlated with the nursing burden of the caregiver(P < 0.05),and the negative emotion of the family caregiver was positively correlated with the nursing burden(P < 0.01).Conclusions:(1)Low self-efficacy in the elderly with mild to moderate disability at home,the protective factors were the age of disabled old people,medical service radius,age of family caregivers and monthly income of disabled old people are the main factors that affect the self-efficacy of disabled old people at home.(2)The incidence of nursing burden of family caregivers is high,the protection factors were the anxiety level,daily nursing time,nursing competence,age,level of nursing knowledge and total monthly income are the main factors affecting the nursing burden of family caregivers.(3)The incidence of anxiety among family caregivers is higher,the protection factors were the nursing burden,nursing competence and total monthly income are the main factors affecting the anxiety of family caregivers.(4)The incidence of depression among family caregivers is higher,the protection factors were the family caregivers' nationality,relationship with the caretakers and work status are the main factors affecting family caregivers' depression.(5)The self-efficacy of the elderly with mild and moderate disability at home was correlated with the burden of nursing care of the family caregiver,that is,the lighter the burden of nursing care for the family caregivers,the more inclined they were to adopt positive care,and the lighter the negative emotion was.The higher the level of self-efficacy of the disabled elderly.