| ObjectiveTo describe the current situation of workplace violence in emergency department of general hospital and explore its influencing factors by questionnaire survey and qualitative interviews;Questionnaire was used to investgate the patients and their families' cognition of workplace violence related factors on emergency nurses.Finally,analyzed the hindering and promoting factors on carring out prevention strategies for emergency nurses to propose strategies and suggestions to deal with workplace violence.MethodsA total of 361 nurses and 475 patients and their families were investgated by the hospital workplace violence questionnaire and the workplace violence related factors questionnaire.All the data were analyzed by SPSS21.0.?=0.05 was selected as the test standard.The qualitative research was based on quantitative investigation results.18 managers including the heads of the emergency nurses,officer staff,the director of the nursing department and the director of hospital were interviewed by face-to-face.At last,based on the analysis of domestic and foreign emergency nurses workplace violence response measures and related policies,the status quo of prevention strategies on emergency nurses' workplace violence in our country was analyzed by SWOT.Results1.Of the 361 emergency nurses,305 nurses have suffered from workplace violence(incidence rate of 84.49%),Followed by verbal violence(81.44%),the threat(67.58%)and physical violence(28.28%)and sexual violence(15.23%);Logistic regression analysis showed that the hospital level,professional title and nurses' attitude towards the establishment of "hospital workplace violence treatment institutions or organizations" had an impact on emergency nurses' workplace violence.Hospital managers have strong desire to prevent and reduce workplace violence,but there is still a lack of clear guidelines and regulations.2.Patients were considered to be affected by the factors of workplace violence,which were the ability of nursing services,social factors,hospital management factors and patient's own factors;Among the 10 factors in the first 8 factors items were related to nursing service,1 were related to the patient's own factors,and 1 were related to the social factors;Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,occupation,marriage and education were all affected by the score.(mean P < 0.05),age,resident,income,payment methods and treatment departments had no effect on the score(P > 0.05).3.The SWOT analysis of workplace violence prevention strategies found that:(1)strengths: High level education;care and development on emergency nurse specialist;urgent needs from the emergency nurses and the hospital management department attaches.(2)Weakness: Younger emergency nurses;Lowly nurses' professional loyalty;Lacking of social psychological support.(3)Opportunities: expanding the nursing team;International and domestic policy support;improving the status of nurses recognized;reforming the hospital health system.(4)Threatens: Strong service demands form the patients,increasing the awareness of rights;the media' false reports;lacking of prehospital care and basic medical knowledge for residents;difficult to form multi sectoral participation.Conclusion1.Emergency nurses suffer from the high incidence of workplace violence,it is suggested that the hospital management department should attach great importance to workplace violence,and take appropriate interventions to reduce the incidence of violence.But the related factors were complex and diverse,when we want find the coping strategy for reducing violence and the injury,should be put forward from hospitals,nurses,patients and society.2.Patients need a strong demand for nursing services,hospital managers and nurses should pay attention to the training of professional competence and communication skills,and should fully assess the social support system and the patients,providing personalized professional services and guidance,so as to reduce the incidence of workplace violence.3.SWOT matrix analysis showed that workplace violence emergency nurses' coping strategies should be based on its advantages on reducing external pressures and opportunities,at the same time to overcome their own weaknesses to deal with external challenges and opportunities in order to achieve good results.Suggestions1.Create a national level,complete and effective guide to the prevention and control of workplace violence;Establish a medium and long term plan for the prevention of workplace and set up a working group on workplace violence.2.Establish a workplace violence monitoring and evaluation system with the current developed information and the network system monitor the workplace violence.Encourage staff reporting voluntary in order to provide information and data support the feedback evaluation process and the effect of preventing workplace violence for policy making.3.Taking into account the particularity of the emergency patient's condition,the process and environment should be designed to prevent the occurrence of violence.4.Improving the professional quality of emergency nurses is the key strategy,we should strengthen the training of emergency nurses focusing on the popularity of workplace violence related knowledge,such as how to identify threatened violence,how to communicate and resolve the crisis;take the network and incorporated into the compulsory training of emergency nurses assessment system.5.The construction of social media and medical information communication platform,to curb the news media's false reports.The government should assist build smooth information communication platform between the hospital and the social media,also should be given severe legal sanctions and penalties for social media malicious false reports.6.Based on the community hospital,the emergency nurse was taken as the guide to carry out pre hospital first aid knowledge training. |
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