Correlation Of Professional Self-concept?Emotional Intelligence And Empathy By Nursing Students

Objective:To understand the current situation of professional self-concept,emotional intelligence and empathy in nursing students;to analyze the differences in social demography characters among professional self-concept,emotional intelligence and empathy in nursing students;to clarify the correlation among professional self-concept,emotional intelligence and empathy in nursing students;to explore the influencing factors of empathy in nursing students.Methods:This study belongs to a cross-sectional design study.Convenient sampling methods were used to select the undergraduate students(grade1 to 3)and college students(grade1 to 2)as respondents in Henan and Jilin province.A total of 936 questionnaires were issued,and 912 were recovered which the recovery rate was 97.4%;there were 851 valid questionnaires,and the recovery rate was 94.6%.The survey tools in this study have general information,Professional Self-Concept Scale of Nurse(PSCNI),Emotional Intelligence Scale(EIS),the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Nursing Student(JSPE-NS).The data was collected and analyzed by SPSS17.0.Descriptive statistics,T-test,ANOVA,Pearson correlation and multivariate stepwise regression were used for statistical analysis.Results:(1)The professional self-concept score of nursing students was(91.08±11.18),and the sores of each dimension from low to high were satisfaction(2.94±0.48),leadership(2.95±0.54),communication(3.08±0.51),skill(3.11±0.48),and flexibility(3.13±0.45).There were significant differences in nationality,gender,level of education,grade,participation in internship,participation in extracurricular activities,relationship with teachers and students,preference,learning attitude,career choice,whether the only child,relationship with parents,parents' educational level,parenting style,family economic situation and family atmosphere(P<0.05).(2)Nursing students' emotional intelligence was(125.93±15.99),and the scores of each dimension from low to high were emotional perception(3.6±0.51),self-emotional management(3.83±0.54),emotional expression(3.94±0.95),emotional management of others(4.00±0.58).There were significant differences in nationality,gender,level of education,relationship with teachers and students,preference,learning attitude,career choice,mother's education level,parenting style and family atmosphere(P<0.05).(3)Nursing students' empathy score was(98.80±14.05),and the scores from low to high were standing in the parent's shoes(4.94±0.70),perspective taking(5.16±0.87)and compassionate care(5.76±1.00).There were significant differences in relationship with students,preference,learning attitude,whether the only child,parents' education level,parenting style,family economic situation and family atmosphere(P<0.05).(4)Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between professional self-concept and emotional intelligence of nursing students(P<0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between professional self-concept and empathy of nursing students(P<0.05).A significant positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence and empathy of nursing students(P<0.05).(5)Hierarchical regressions were used to analyze the factors of empathy:nationality,professional interest,emotional intelligence and professional self-concept of have a predictive effect on the level of empathy.Emotional intelligence has the strongest influencing factors on nursing students' empathy and explained the 29.9%variation of empathy.Conclusions:(1)The professional self-concept of nursing students tended to be positive,low satisfaction with profession,and flexibility was better.The emotional intelligence of nursing students is in the upper middle level,and the ability to emotional perception was weaker.,and the ability of emotional management of others was better;nursing students' empathy is in the upper middle level,the ability to standing in the parent's shoes is poor,the ability to compassionate care is better.(2)The professional self-concept of nursing students was positively correlated with empathy.Emotional intelligence of nursing students was positively correlated with empathy.(3)Nationality,professional interests,professional self-concept and emotional intelligence are the factors of empathy;the emotional intelligence has become the most important effect on empathy.