| Angelica sinensis（Oliv.）Diels.is a perennial herb medicinal plant belonging to Umbelliferae,using roots as medicine.It is one of the most commonly used Chinese medicinal materials in China.In recent years,a series of environmental problems have been caused by appling large amount of chemical fertilizer with blindness of fertilization,reducing soil storage capacity,and causing a series of environmental problems.Therefore,the key problem to be solved in Angelica cultivation is to explore reasonable fertilization.In this study,based on the black film mulching,stubble of Astragalus mongholicus was selected,the comprehensive experiment was designed based on reducing halving principle,different kinds and amounts of fertilizer were applied,i.e.pure organic fertilizer o(2000 kg·hm-2),pure fertilizer C(diammonium phosphate,420 kg·hm-2),half chemical and organic fertilizer 1/2（O+C）,uing no fertilization as CK,the effects of fertilization on A.sinensis cultivation effect were studied systematically in order to explore the effect of organic fertilizer on the Angelica cultivation,integrating the ecological organic cultivation technology,and promoting the sustainable development of A.sinensis industrilization.The main results are as follows:1.The activities of phosphatase,sucrase and urease in the A.sinensis soils during cultivation showed a increase at first and then turned a decrease trend.With the different of amount and kinds in fertilization,organic fertilizer can increase the activities of phosphatase,urease and sucrase in the soils,especially urease activities.The soil water content in organic fertilizer cultivation field is higher,the soil water content during vigorous growth time and harvest time are（26.59±1.0）%and（29.43±3.7）%,which is 19.8%and 33.7%higher than that of CK,respectively,which is beneficial to biomass accumulation of the medicinal roots.Fertilizing had a significant effect on the soil fertility in A.sinensis cultivation field.The soil nutrients in organic fertilizer cultivation field were generally higher and more stable.The organic matter content in vigorous growth time and harvest time was（49.62±0.14）g·kg-1and（48.27±0.29）g·kg-1,which were increased by 36.3%and 30.7%respectively compared with CK,and the total nitrogen content was（2.80±0.01）g·kg-1and（2.70±0.01）g·kg-1,35.3%and19.9%higher than the respective CK.The results showed that organic fertilizer could improve the micro-ecological environment of farmland and the nutrient status of soils.2.Fertilization can promote the growth and development of the above ground parts of the plant,and the activities of antioxidant enzymes,anthocyanin and soluble sugar content in the leaves of A.sinensis are always kept at a high level,indicating that the application of organic fertilizer can improve the stress resistance of A.sinensis.3.Under pure organic cultivation conditions,the bolting rate,disease incidence rate and disease index of A.sinensis were the lowest in the early stage.The treatments were followed by O<C<1/2（O+C）<CK,while the bolting rate of pure organic fertilizer was 71%lower than that of CK,and the root disease rate and disease index decreased by 16.1%and 6.7%respectively,which effectively increased the medicinal rate of A.sinensis.4.The medicinal yield of A.sinensis cultivated under pure organic fertilizer was the highest（614.7 kg）,which was close to those of chemical fertilizer（602.6 kg）and 1/2（O+C）（581.9 kg）,all the three fertilization treatments showed 88.3%,84.6%and 78.2%higher than that of CK.5.The crude polysaccharide content in A.sinensis roots was the highest（2.3%）under organic fertilizer cultivation,followed by 1/2（O+C）,which was 40.2%and 24.9%higher than CK,respectively,and 58.0%lower than CK under chemical fertilizer cultivation.The extract content of A.sinensis cultivated with pure chemical fertilizer was high（64.8%）,followed by organic fertilizer（63.7%）,which increased by 4.9%and 3.1%respectively compared with CK,indicating that the cultivation of pure organic fertilizer was conducive to the accumulation of Angelica polysaccharide,but pure hemical fertilizer was more conducive to the accumulation of extract content.In summary,under the condition of current farmland soil fertility in Min County,a real estate area of A.sinensis in Gansu Province,organic fertilizer cultivation can improve the soil physicochemical property,promote the plant growth and development,reduce the early bolting rate and root disease rate,increase the medicinal formation rate,improve the quality of medicinal materials,playing a role of improving cultivation efficiency and medicinal interior quality.The comprehensive evaluation index of medicinal yield and quality of A.sinensis was O（0.9567）>C（0.5971）>1/2（O+C）（0.3670）>CK（0.2379）.The results provide a scientific basis for the ecological organic cultivation of A.sinensis.It suggests that the A.sinensis should be cultivated under organic fertilization based on Astragalus rotation system in the adaptive A.sinensis productive area. |
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