Study On Succession Law Of Soil Fungi Community In The Process Of Ecological Restoration Of Haizhou Open-pit Mine

The opencast coal dump was formed by the accumulation of mine waste during the mining process,which could greatly destroy the local ecological environment and lead to seriously geological hazard.Ecological restoration of mine dump is an important part of sustainable development of mining area.As most important parts of ecosystem,soil fungi community played a crucial role during the process of ecological restoration in mining areas.Therefore studying the succession of Fungi community during the process of ecological restoration is of great guiding significance for improving the soil quality of dump,comprehensively understanding the process of ecological restoration of dump and the effect of ecological restoration.In this study,soil samples were collected from Haizhou opencast coal dump with different natural ecological restoration years.Physical and chemical properties of soil samples were analyze.In the meanwhile,the structure and succession of soil fungal community were characterized by high-throughput ITS sequencing and the comprehensive quality of soil was evaluated by factor analysis.The results showed that with the increase of ecological restoration years,soil water content and organic carbon content increased,but pH decreased with time serial.The comprehensive quality of soil improved significantly in these mine dumps sits.In compared with initial period?10 years?Chao1 and Shannon indexes of fungal community increased at medium and later period?20 and 30 years?of ecological restoration.The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling?NMDS?analysis,non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance?PerMANOVA?,analysis of similarity?ANOSIM?,and the multi-response permutation procedure?MRPP?analysis,showed that fungal community structure altered significantly.Across 36 samples,the dominant phylum were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota,and dominant genus were Davidiella and Alternaria.During the process of ecological restoration,the abundance of Ascomycota decreased at medium period and then increased at later period,the abundance of Basidiomycota increased at medium period and then decreased at later period.However,the abundance of Davidiella and Alternaria decreased with time serial.In the process of ecological restoration,fungal communities were shaped by homogeneous selection of deterministic processes.In the initial period?10 years?of ecological restoration of dump,the interactions between fungal communities were relatively simple,while in the medium and later period?20 and 30 years?of ecological restoration,the interactions between fungal communities were relatively complex.Both physical and chemical properties had great influence on the structure of soil fungi community,among these factors water content,pH,TOC,NH₄⁺-N,NO₃^--N,Zn,Cu and Pb significantly correlated with the structure and composition of soil Fungi community?P<0.05?.