Study On Eco-restoration Technology And Environmental Effect Of Coal Mining Wastelands

This paper makes study of waste dump mining area of Yan zhou in Shandong province under manual recovery of vegetation, bonding the Fu xin, based on the field investigation, inspection on the spots and laboratory analysis about soil physical,chemical properties and microclimate three respects,providing a systematical research about the characteristics of evolution of eco-environment waste dump with different slope directions and different dumping years.The main achievements of environment effect improvement of forestation in coal wasting piles are as following:(1) Evolving law of soil physical properties. Greening waste dump improves the soil temperature, soil bulk density,porosity,and soil moisture significantly. The effect of pseudoacacia forest land for improving soil bulk density of the coal mining piles is most obviously,the moisture content of pseudoacacia forest land is the biggest among the three planting species.(2) Changes of soil chemical properties.The bare waste dump is rich of available K, which can be utilized by vegetation growth. The reaction of improving soil alkalization of platycladus orientalis is the most quikely.(3) Microclimate variation. The daily variation of air temperature in spots agrees with that of local. However the daily viaration of relative moisture is opposite. Because of the diffrence of aspect, the sunny slope is higher than the shady slope about the daily range of air temperature,average month temperature,soil temperature and wind speed. In conclusion,shady slope is more beneficial for the vegetation growth,so we should starting planting trees from shady slope to the sunny slope, in order to implement recovery of vegetation more scientificly and quikely. According to the above research situation,the technologies of eco-restoration of coal miningwastelands are as following:(1)The measures of slope stablityLevel-terrace soil preparation and layer upon layer copaction technology.(2) The measures of matrix initiation.The coal gaugue channels would be covered with foreign soil about 10 centimetres in the planting seasion. The measures of improving soil: incresing organic fertilizer, nitrogan fertilizer, and phospharic fertilizer, and the biologic measures of improving and restoring soil.(3)The selection of the tree speciesThere are the indigenous plants which are of arid and high temperature resistance at the sunny slope. The shrub species invole sea buckthorn et al. The tree species invole black locust,tree of heaven,staghorn sumac and chinese arborvitae, and the black locust is the first choice.,(4)The key technology of afforestrationwe can determine the afforestation density according the afforestation target. We should afforestation with high plant population. The type of afforestation is shrub and herb plants forest mixed. We should start afforestration after dumping several years. In order to make the plant go through the rejuvenation period, the optimal season for afforestation is March.(5)Tending arrangement...