Research On Ecological Compensation Mechanism And Countermeasures Of Xin'an River Basin

Based on the ecological compensation mechanism of paid use of resources is the important means to realize the sustainable development of economic society and the environment.Ecological civilization construction has just started in our country;the river basin ecological compensation is still in the exploratory stage.Xin 'an river basin as the first cross-provincial river basin ecological compensation pilot in China,after six years,it has obtained the good economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit,therefore,it is necessary to summarize its compensation model,and take its typical exemplary role into full play.Main points of this article are as follows: First of all,influenced by the traditional concept of "priceless" resources,this has led to low prices of resources and excessive expansion of resource demand in China for a long time,thus further intensifying the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and other natural resources,natural resources market-oriented reforms have just started in our country.However,the absence of the use of natural resources allocation of market mechanism in the process leads to the lack of demand side and supply side interests conduction mechanism;The second,Xin' an river basin ecological compensation in the process of ecological civilization system reform in our country is a kind of system innovation,formed a central government guidance support,the local government to exercise the governance model,through the " Forward compensation" add the " inverse compensation" mode,solved the market failure problem for the river basin ecological environment,makes the natural resources to internalize externalities and solve the ecological environment of the public goods attribute,the ecological environment of the Xin' an river basin was obviously improved;The third,water resource value accounting is the important content of the green national economic accounting system,it is not only beneficial to promote the paid use of water resources,value accounting of water resources is the important guarantee for reasonable utilization and protection and management of water resources,also contribute to defining the water property right relationship,straighten out the price system of water resources,establishing water market,strengthen the effective management of water resources from the macro;The fourth,reasonable water resource price is the basic condition of establishing water resource market and the key to the healthy operation of water resource market.In this paper,the value of water resources in the Xin' an river basin is calculated by building a fuzzy mathematical model,which provides reference for the evaluation and evaluation of ecosystem services.The calculation of the value of water resources shows the scarcity of water resources,reflects that good quality is worth good price,and tries to make efforts to establish the benefit transmission mechanism of the demand side and the supply side of ecosystem services.The possible innovation points of this paper are as follows: first,it tries to use the mathematical model to calculate the value of water resources and the amount of ecological compensation in the Xin' an river basin,to provide a scientific basis for the reasonable development of local water prices,to standardize the value level of water resources,and to promote the sustainable use and efficient management of water resources.Second,explore the establishment of upstream and downstream linkage and regional integration of river basin ecological compensation coordination management system,reduce transaction costs,and solve such basin water governance problems as "free rider" and "prisoner's dilemma".Third,the marketization of watershed ecological compensation is proposed.Under the leadership of the government,the market is allowed to participate in ecological compensation,and the price mechanism of basin water resources reflecting the relationship between market supply and demand and the degree of resource scarcity is constructed through the market.Shortcomings: first,this paper only makes preliminary calculation of water resource value,and the calculation of ecosystem service value of river basin is a more complex project,which needs further research.Secondly,there is a lack of analysis of the difficulties in the value transfer mechanism of water resources in the basin,such as the practical problems of using mixed water supply,laying of pipe network facilities in the water diversion project of Qingdao lake,and the principle that the current consumption mode does not support superior water price.