Research On The Factors Influencing The Evacuation Of Building Structures

With the development of society and economy,people's living standard has been greatly improved,the building structure and function has been further improved,according to the Ministry of public security fire department statistics,in recent years the number of fires is rising,the number of casualties caused by fire is not small,to reduce casualties and property losses reduced.Analysis of main factors influencing the evacuation.In this paper,we study the rapid and effective evacuation of the building fire,shorten the evacuation time,and provide a greater chance for people to escape.According to a large number of literature,the main factors affecting the evacuation of people are toxic and harmful gases,the width of the exit,the width of the corridor,fire extinguishing systems,evacuation systems,etc..In this paper,according to the principle of index selection,13 factors,such as fire environment,exit width and personnel density,are selected as the evaluation index,and the 13 factors are divided into A,B and C by cluster analysis method.The main factors of the 13 principal components are fire environment,personnel situation and building facilities.At the same time,the weight proportion of each index factor is determined,and the CO content,the density of the personnel,the speed of the personnel,the number of obstacles and the width of the exit are selected as 5 factors.According to the principal component analysis method to determine the main factors affecting the evacuation time,select a clothing factory as the research object,using FDS+Evac for computer simulation.The range analysis of the results shows that the CO content,the density of personnel and the speed of personnel have significant influence on the evacuation time.Consistent with the principal component analysis.Finally,according to the theory of risk analysis,the concept of the degree of influence on the control of the evacuation factors is proposed.It is of great significance to building fire protection design.The effective measures to reduce the evacuation time are put forward from the aspects of personnel management,management of toxic and harmful substances,and the number of obstacles.