Correlation Research Between Children With Emotional And Cognitive Impairment And Psychological Stress During Pregnancy Of Their Mothers’

Purpose To explore the correlation between children with emotional and cognitive impairment and psychological stress during the pregnancy of their mothers’ and the exposure factors during pregnancy.Methods 4436 children,aged 1-14 years old,lived in Zhengzhou or other cities near by Zhengzhou,and their mother were chosen as subjects for the study in October 2015-March 2017 in psychological and behavioral assessment room of pediatrics department,the first affiliated hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine.Double-blind scale and biochemical indices were adopted to assess the emotional and cognitive level of the infants and their mothers.Because the test scales were different,children were divided into 1-6 years old group(preschool age,under the age of 6.5 years old)and 6-14 years old group(school age,more than 6.5 years old).(1)Developmental Screening Test For Child under six(DST)was adopted to assess the preliminary developmental quotient(DQ)and Mental Index(MI)of children in 1-6 years old group,and DQ<70 or MI<70 was recognized as cognitive impairment.Chinese Child Temperament Scale(CCTS)was used to assess children in 1 to 6 years old group,and score of mood factor in temperament factor > 3.50 was judged as negative emotions.According to the evaluation results,volunteers of 1-6 years old children were divided into control group,cognitive impairment group,emotional disorder group,and emotional +cognitive impairment group.After matched pair design,70 cases in each group,were chosen to assess the growth,cognition,emotion and temperament.Gesell Developmental Schedule(GDS)was adopted to assess the growth and cognition,CCTS was adopted to assess temperament,mood factor in CCTS was adopted to assess emotion.Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(C-WISC)was adopted to evaluate cognition in children of 6-14 years old group,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)was adopted to evaluate the emotion,while CCTS was adopted to assess temperament.Wechsler intelligence test was used to assess intelligence quotient,and IQ<90 was judged as cognitive impairment,SAS>50 or SDS>53 was judged as emotional disorders.According to the evaluation results,children were divided into control group,cognitive impairment group,emotional disorder group,and emotional +cognitive impairment group.After matched pair design,70 cases in each group,were chosen to assess the fluid intelligence of the children with raven standard reasoning test(CRT).(2)Assessment of cognitive and psychological stress during pregnancy: Cognitive evaluation adopted the Montreal cognitive assessment Scale(Mo CA)and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS-RC),while psychological stress test during pregnancy adopted the Life Event Scale(LES)and Symptom Check List 90(SCL-90).(3)Detection of biochemical indices:(1)Cortisol(COR)and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)level was detected with electrochemical luminescence method;Plasma catecholamine(AD,NAD,DOP)was(2)detected with radio-immunity to test HPA function of the children.SPSS 22.0 statistics software was used to analyze the data of emotion,cognition,and temperament of the children,and data of the cognitive and psychological stress during pregnancy of their mothers.Data of normal distribution was expressed as mean ± standard deviation((?)±s).One-Way ANOVA was used when comparison was done between groups,and the LSD method was used to compare two groups.Chi-square test was used for count data.Pearson product moment analysis was used for stress correlation analysis.For every influence factor comparison between cases and controls using single factor Logistic regression analysis,record its OR,95% of the CI and P,the single factor P values significantly in the Logistic regression analysis will be included in the the multi-factor Logistic regression analysis,then come to a conclusion and record the OR,95% of the CI and P,α= 0.05 was used as the inspection level,the difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results 1.Comparison of growth,cognition,emotion,temperament of the children(1)Comparison of the growth: The growth was compared between groups in the 1-6 years old groups,and there was no statistical significance(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of the cognition: GDS comparison of children in the 1 to 6 years old groups: Compared with control group,developmental quotient(DQ)of adaptive ability,social ability and expression ability was decreased significantly in the cognitive impairment group and emotional +cognitive impairment group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Intelligence quotient(IQ)comparison of children in the 6-14 years old groups: Compared with control group,IQ value was decreased significantly in all the three groups with impairment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and comparison between all the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).And the IQ order was that: the control group > emotional disorder group > cognitive impairment group > emotional + cognitive impairment group.(3)Emotional assessment result: compared with control group,the score of the mood factor in 1-6 years old group increased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Compared with control group,SAS and SDS scores in the emotional disorder group and emotional + cognitive impairment group of the 6-14 years old groups were significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05).The order of SAS and SDS scores were that: emotional + cognitive impairment group > emotional disorder group > cognitive impairment group > the control group.(4)Temperament assessment result: Compared with control group,the two groups,both 1-6 years old groups and 6-14 years old groups,all the temperament factors were increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.Comparison of cognition,psychological stress during pregnancy of children’ mother’(1)Comparison of cognition(Mo CA,WAIS-RC): The cognition was compared between groups,and there was no statistical significance(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of LES(-)during pregnancy: Compared with control group,the score of LES(-)were significantly increased in the three impairment groups,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the score of LES(-)were compared between the three impairment groups,there was no statistical significance(P>0.05),the order of the LES(-)were that: emotional + cognitive impairment group > cognitive impairment group > emotional disorder group > the control group.(3)Comparison of SCL-90 during pregnancy: Compared with control group,the three impairment groups’ score of SCL-90 were significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the score of SCL-90 were compared between the three impairment groups,there was no statistical significance(P>0.05);Comparison of 10 factor points in SCL-90 during pregnancy: Compared with control group,in addition to the psychosis factor in cognitive impairment group and emotional disorder group,all the rest of the various factors in the three impairment groups were increased,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Single factor(factors)Logistic regression results of the cases of children’s mother psychological stress during pregnancy Single factor(factors)Logistic regression results of 1-6 cases with psychological stress during pregnancy(1)children with cognitive impairment group of pregnancy psychological stress of single factor Logistic regression results show statistically significant exposures have nine,followed by somatization,force status,depression,anxiety,hostility and other major change,other routine major changes,work and study pressure,unexpected shock stimulus;Multi-factor analysis statistically significant exposure factors have four,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: somatization(5.142,1.193-22.156),ther major change(6.045,1.602-22.816),and other routine major changes(3.352,1.188-9.461),accident scared and stimulus(3.577,1.097-11.664).(2)Emotional disorder group’ mothers’ single factor Logistic regression study showed statistically significant psychological stress exposure during pregnancy has six,followed by forced state,hostility,other major change,work and learning pressure,dissatisfaction with current work,accident scared and stimulus;Multi-factor analysis statistically significant exposure factors have four,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: hostile(4.091,1.265-13.234),other major change,(3.814,1062-13.696),dissatisfaction with current work(3.207,1.191-8.636)and accident scared and stimulus(2.921,1.017-8.382).(3)Emotional + cognitive impairment group’ mothers’ psychological stress during pregnancy single factor Logistic regression study showed statistically significant exposures have 12,followed by somatization,status,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,and other major change,the law of life,work and learning pressure,dissatisfaction with current work,accident scared and stimulation,that relationship between couple is bad;Multi-factor analysis statistically significant exposure factors,there are seven,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: somatization(7.187,1.033-49.995),(4.658,0.935-23.222),and other routine major changes(10.592,3.200-35.062),work and study pressure(3.757,1.046-13.487),dissatisfaction with current work(6.382,1.914-21.283),accident scared and stimulus(7.123,1.995-25.438),the couple relationship is bad(6.148,1.772-1.326).Three groups of cases children of pregnancy joint exposure factors of psychological stress for other(changes in diet,sleep,etc),accident scared and stimulation(accident,natural disaster,etc.).Single factor(factors)Logistic regression results of 6-14 cases with pregnancy psychological stress during pregnancy(1)children with cognitive impairment,the single factor Logistic regression of psychological stress during pregnancy show statistically significant exposure have eight,followed by somatization,status,anxiety,hostility,and other major change,the routine of life,work and study pressure,accident scared and stimulus;Multi-factor analysis have statistically significant exposures with five,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: somatization(5.896,1.287-27.008),anxiety(6.238,1.801-21.599),other major change(4.658,0.935-23.222),and routine major changes(3.748,1.329-10.566),work and study pressure(4.845,1.603-4.845).(2)Emotional disorder group’ mothers’ psychological stress during pregnancy,single factor Logistic regression study showed statistically significant psychological stress exposure during pregnancy have nine: forced state,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,hostility,and other major change,the law of life,work and study pressure,accident scared and stimulus;Multiple factors analysis of statistically significant exposures have 2,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: other major change(4.259,1.344-13.500),work and study pressure(5.336,1.843-15.451).(3)Emotional + cognitive impairment group’ mothers’ psychological stress during pregnancy,single factor Logistic regression study showed statistically significant psychological stress exposure during pregnancy have 10,followed by force status,depression,anxiety,hostility,terrorist,other major change,the law of life,work and learning pressure,dissatisfaction with current work,accident scared and stimulus;Multi-factor analysis have statistically significant exposures with five,exposure factors and the OR value,95% CI: terrorist(18.244,1.591-209.180),routine major changes(21.454,3.205-143.616),work and study pressure(22.866,3.764-138.911),dissatisfaction with current work(27.666,4.320-177.163),accident scared and stimulation(29.425,4.594-188.477),groups of cases of pregnancy joint exposure factors of psychological stress for work and study pressure.4.Comparison of 6-14 years old children’ fluid intelligence Comparison of fluid intelligence: Compared with control group,fluid intelligence was decreased significantly in all the three groups with impairment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),comparison between all the three groups with impairment was statistically significant(P<0.05).And the fluid intelligence order was that: the control group > emotional disorder group > cognitive impairment group > emotional + cognitive impairment group.5.The correlation research between 6-14 years old children’ fluid intelligence and psychological stress during pregnancy of their mother’.There was a significant negative correlation between 6-14 years old children’ fluid intelligence and the score of LES(-)and SCL-90 during their mother’ pregnancy the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the higher score of the LES(-)and SCL-90 during pregnancy,the lower fluid intelligence score of the children.6.Comparison of 6-14 years old children’ HPA axis hormone Compared with control group,adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),cortisol(COR),dopamine(DOP)rise significantly in all the three groups with impairment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05)。 7.The correlation research between 6-14 years old children’ HPA axis and the score of LES(-),SCL-90 during their mother’ pregnancy There was a significant negative correlation between children’ ACTH,COR,DOP and the score of LES(-)and SCL-90 during their mother’ pregnancy,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),the higher score of LES(-)and SCL-90 during pregnancy,the more ACTH,COR,DOP produced of their children.Conclusion 1.1 to 6 years old age group(preschool),6-14 years old age group(school-age children)all the cases group were linked to psychological stress of their mother duing pregnancy,1-6 old children’mothers’ common exposures of psychological stress duing pregnancy were the change of the diet and sleep,accident scared and stimulus(accident,natural disaster,etc.),6-14 years old age group(school-age children with mother pregnancy psychological stress common exposures was workand study pressure.2.There was a significant negative correlation between 6-14 years old children’ fluid intelligence and psychological stress during pregnancy of their mothers’.3.There was a significant negative correlation between children’ HPA axis and psychological stress during pregnancy of their mothers’.