The Clinical Significance Of Kif2a,β-catenin And MMP-1 Expression In The Human Placenta

Objective: To detect the expressions of Kif2 a, β-catenin and MMP-1 in human placenta, and analyze the correlation between the expressions and the hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy,then explore the value of Kif2a、β-catenin、MMP-1in risk assessment, disease diagnostic and prognostic of gestational hypertension.Methods: 82 cases of pregnant women were selected as the research subject from Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, including 27 cases of normal pregnancy, 28 cases of gestational hypertension and 27 cases of preeclampsia. All of the complications were excluded from the patients, such as primary hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, malignant tumor, liver and kidney disease. Blood pressure and body mass index(BMI) of the study subjects were determined generally. The expression of Kif2 a, β-catenin and MMP-1 in placenta tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:(1) Kif2 a protein was expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus of trophoblast cells. The expression rates of Kif2 a in normal pregnancy group, gestational hypertension group and preeclampsia group were 85.19%, 53.57% and 37.04% respectively. The expressions of Kif2 a in placenta of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were significantly lower than that in normal pregnancy group(P < 0.05). β-catenin was mainly expressed on the membrane of placental syncytiotrophoblast cells. The expression rates of β-catenin in normal pregnancy group, gestational hypertension group and preeclampsia placental tissue were 85.19%, 57.14%, 25.93% respectively; the expression of β-catenin in gestational hypertension group and preeclampsia placental tissue was significantly lower than that of normal pregnancy group(P < 0.05), and expression of β-catenin in preeclampsia placenta was lower than that of the gestational hypertension group(P < 0.05). MMP-1 was expressed in cytoplasm of trophoblast cells and some interstitial cells; the cytoplasm of vascular endothelial cells also expressed in a small amount. The expressions of placental tissues in normal pregnancy group, gestational hypertension group and preeclampsia group were 88.89%, 50% and 29.63% respectively. The expressions of MMP-1 in placenta of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia group were significantly lower than that of normal pregnancy group(P < 0.05), and the expression of MMP-1 in preeclampsia group was lower than that of gestational hypertension group(P < 0.05).(2) According to the median positive ratio of Kif2 a and β-catenin expression in patients, the patients(include gestational hypertension and preeclampsia) were divided into Kif2 a low group(positive ratio lower than Median, n=27), high Kif2a(positive ratio higher than Median, n=27)group, and low β-catenin(n=27)group, high β-catenin(n=27)group. The results showed that the blood pressure and body mass index in the Kif2 a low group were lower than those in the Kif2 a high group(P=0.0077 and P=0.0463 respectively). The blood pressure and body mass index in the β-catenin low group were lower than those in the β-catenin high group(P=0.026 and P=0.0042 respectively).(3) In hypertensive group, the relationship between the expressions of Kif2 a and β-catenin was positively correlated with statistical significance(r=0.392, P < 0.01); the relationship between the expressions of β-catenin and MMP-1 was positively correlated with statistical significance(r=0.349, P < 0.01). Same result was found in the expressions of MMP-1 and Kif2 a with significant correlation(r=0.367, P < 0.05).Conclusion:(1) Lower expressions of Kif2 a, β-catenin and MMP-1 in placenta of hypertensive patients during pregnancy were closely related to the high blood pressure. Kif2 a, β-catenin and MMP-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gestational hypertension.(2) The higher expressions of Kif2 a and β-catenin was correlated with blood pressure and body mass index(not well) in patient’s gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.(3) The expressions among of Kif2 a, β-catenin and MMP-1 were positively correlated in human placenta of the gestational hypertension patients, suggesting the synergy of these three proteins in pathogenesis of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.