Effects Of Fertilization On Quality Of Different Ages Ginseng And Soil Nutrient

Ginseng is a perennial perennial plant,the growth process of nutrient demand,do a good job in the process of ginseng top dressing work is necessary.In this paper,respectively,3,4,5,6 years old ginseng carry out the topdressing experiment,and designed to not fertilize（CK）,ginseng special fertilizer（Z）,EM fertilizer（W）,50g/m²organic leaf fertilizer（S₁）,100g/m² organic leaf fertilizer（S₂）,150g/m² organic leaf fertilizer（S₃）6 treatments fertilization test,ang studied the effects of three fertilizers on the morphological indexes in the aerial parts and underground parts and the content of saponins of the annual ginseng and soil fertility after fertilization,and explored the responses of annual ginseng morphological indexes and saponin content to fertilization.The results show:1. The results showed that the effect of organic leaf fertilizer on soil p H was not significant.Ginseng special fertilizer and 150g/m² organic leaf fertilizer had a significant effect on improving soil nitrogen content.Ginseng special fertilizer and150g/m² organic leaf fertilizer had a significant effect on improving the phosphorus content of annual ginseng soil.100g/m² and 150g/m² organic leaf fertilizer had significant effect on improving available K content.2.The results showed that the effects of ginseng fertilizer and 150 g/m² leaf fertilizer on the morphological indexes of ginseng were significant,and the annual yield of ginseng was positively correlated with the amount of organic leaf fertilizer.3.The content of total saponins of 3-year-old ginseng increased by 12.14%under the treatment of ginseng special fertilizer（Z）.4 years old ginseng total saponin content at 100g/m² and 150g/m² of organic fertilizer leaves with other treatments were significantly different,an increase of up to 29.91%;5 year old ginseng total saponin content in ginseng special fertilizer and 150g/m² organic leaf fertilizer treatment wiht other treatment was significantly different,an increase of up to 22.56%;The content of total saponins of 6-year-old ginseng increased by 20.44%under the treatment of ginseng special fertilizer.The contents of Rg₂,Rb₁,Rc,Rd in the 3-year-old ginseng saponins,contents of Rf,Rg₂,Rb₁,Rc,Rb₂inthe4-year-oldginsengsaponins,contentsof Rg₁,Rg₂,Rb₁,Rb₃,Rd in the 5-year-old ginseng saponins and the contents of Re,Rf,Rb₂and Rd in 6-year-old ginseng saponins were significantly different from those in control.4.Taking 150 g/m² organic leaf fertilizer as an example,the responses of 3,4,5,6 years old ginseng growth indexes,yield and saponin content to fertilization were discussed,compared with the control,3-year-old ginseng plant height with the largest increase was 22.72%,stems high with 5-year-old ginseng biggest increase was36.03%,stem diameter with 5-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 19.09%,leaf area with 3-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 19.63%,the main root length with4-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 45.15%,main root diameter with 3-year-old ginseng biggest increase was56.55%,yield with 4-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 47.30%,total saponins with 4-year-old ginseng biggest increase was29.96%,monomer saponin Rg₁+Re 6-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 10.12%,monomer saponin Rb₁ with 4-year-old ginseng biggest increase was 25.90%.