Study On Microdetermination Method Of American Ginseng Saponin And Composition Of Seed Oil

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is a perennial herbaceous plants whichbelong to the genus Panax (family Araliaceae). The study of American ginseng has a longhistory. Saponin is the most notable effective component, and the study is also the most. Atpresent the samples used to detect saponin are mainly dried material, and the amount ofsample for test is big at the same time. The microdetermination method of saponin with tracefresh samples has not been reported yet.This purpose of this research is to lay the foundation for breeding technology of Americanginseng’s fine breed. Saponin in trace fresh samples of American ginseng which were4yearsold in Shaanxi Liu ba were analyzed by using Ultra high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC). A rapid detection method of ginseng saponin content in trace sample of Americanginseng was founded. The process is: take trace fresh samples from root bark of Americanginsengâ†'extract saponinâ†'detected by UPLC. Using this method, individual ginsengs withhigh saponin content had been found. The preservation experiment of damaged ginseng rootin the field was carried out at the same time. Sterol composition and fatty acid in Americanginseng seed oil were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The main research results are as follows:(1) Instrument precision, the standard linear relationship, stability, recovery rate of thismethod are all good. The detection result shows that the saponin in root bark iswell-distributed, and the saponin content in root bark has a good positive correlation betweenroot pith and taproot. Saponin content of root bark can reflect the saponin content in wholeroot. So the method can be used as a rapid detection method of trace American ginsengsaponin.Saponin content of100American ginseng which are grown in a ginseng garden inShaanxi Liu ba were detected rapidly. And33American ginseng with high content of ginsengsaponin were determinated.(2) Crude fat of three American ginseng seed samples (A: seeds without embryo andfreezing dried, B: seeds air-dried C: fissure seeds stored in wet sand) were extracted by Soxhlet extraction method. The type and content of fatty acids and sterols were analysed byGC, the difference of oil content between American ginseng seeds with different preservationmethods is not big, oil content were42.10%,46.48%,46.39%, respectively. The content ofoleic acid is71.57%~79.94%, linoleic acid is1.25%~8.73%, palmitic acid is1.44%~1.74%, palmitoleic acid is0.28%~0.29%, stearic acid is0.22%~0.3%, and linolenic acid is0.08%~0.16%; Unsaturated fatty acids can account for88.08%of the total fatty acid content;Three main sterol of American ginseng are stigmasterol, beta sitosterol and squalene.Stigmasterol, beta sitosterol of seeds A and B are respectively1.36mg/g,0.90mg/g and0.79mg/g,0.82mg/g.