| Objectives:This study investigates the current situation of nurses’ occupational stress in two 3A-Level hopitals, and analyses the characteristics and influence factors. On this basis, this paper explores the relationship between nurses’ occupational stress and some factors, including age, working years, marital status, relaxation. And then this paper will come up with some suggestions, which can be the reference of the countermeasures made by relevant departments and the studies on nurses’ occupational stress. This study is carried out to promote nurses’ physical and psychological health, to enhance their living quality and work efficiency, to make sure that the medical and health services in this region will develop continuously and healthily.Methods:Through literature research, such as the database of CNKI,Wanfang and VIP and other major database from home and aboard to consult the literature of nurses’ occupational stress, to provide the theory and method reference for the research.Using the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition (OSI-R) (Osipow,1998) to investigate occupational stress status of 300 nurses in 2 3A-Level hospitals by prodeeding a field investigation according to the cluster sampling. I got 259 efficient samples. The survey is conducted to learn nurses’ occupational status and influence factors.Applying Epidata to establish database and using SPSS 18.0 software package to analyze the data. The measurement data are expressed as a mean and standard deviation. This research will use t test, single factor analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation factor analysis. Using multiple linear stepwise regression analysis to analyze the factors of nurses’ occupational stress①Use t test and single factor analysis of variance to analyze different demographic characteristics (age, length of service, marital status) which may caused the nurses’ occupational stress, nurses’ occupational stress reaction and personal coping resources score. Using LSD method to compare the project whose difference between scores have statistical significance. Do the scatterplot to the project whose result of the single factor analysis of variance showed P<0.05. Do Pearson correlation factor analysis to the project which scatterplot shows significant.②Use multiple linear regression analysis to analyze the impact which the occupational stress factors, individual characteristics and relieving factors have to nurses’ occupational stress.Results:1. Demographic characteristics of occupational stress(1)Age:<30 years group scored lower on the professional task of 30-39 years group and(?)40 years group (P<0.05);<30 years group scored lower on the heavy task of 30-39 years group and (?) 40 years group (P<0.01). Different age groups’ scores of body nervous reaction have statistically significant (P<0.05). Compare every two groups, the results shows:<30 years group’s score of body nervous reaction is higher than 30-39 years group’s (P<0.01). Different age groups’ scores of rational thinking have statistical significance (P<0.05), compare every two groups,the result shows: < 30 years group scored lower on the rational thinking than 30-39 years group (P<0.05)(2) Working age:<3 years group scored lower on the professional task than 9～19 years group and=20 years group (P<0.01); 3-9 years group scored lower on the professional task than(?)20 years group (P<0.05);<3 years and 3-9 years group scored lower than 9-19 years and(?)20 years group on heavy mask (P<0.01); 3-9 years group scored lower on task discomfort than(?)20 years group (P<0.05);<3 years group scored lower on the working environment than 3～9 years group (P<0.01); 3-9 years group scored higher on individual nervous reaction than the other three groups (P<0.05); 3-9 years group scored higher on business nervous reaction than(?)20 years group (P<0.05);<3 years group scored lower on psychological stress reaction than 3-9 years group and 9-19 years group (P<0.01); 3-9 years group scored higher on psychological stress reaction than<3 years and(?)20 years group (P<0.01); 9-19 years group scored higher on psychological stress reaction than< 3 years and(?) 20 years groups (P<0.05); 3-9 years group scored higher than<3 years and 9-19 years group on somatic nervous reaction (P<0.05).(3) Marital status:single group scored higher than married group on leisure (P<0.05), and married group scored higher than the unmarried group on rational thinking (P<0.05).2. Multiple stepwise regression analysisTake business nervous reaction, stress reaction, interpersonal tensions, body nervous reaction as dependent variables, in order to eliminate the influence of age and working age, take take age, length of service, professional task questionnaire and individual coping resources questionnaire as independent variables and take the aspects of professional task and individual coping resources as independent variables to do the multiple stepwise regression analysis. The result shows:the business nervous raction’s influence factors are professional task, length of service, working environment, task conflict, leisure, the sense of responsibility and social support, business nervous raction and professional tasks, work environment, task conflict, leisure, sense of responsibility are positively correlated and are negatively correlated with length of service and social support; the influence factors of psychological stress reaction (PSY) are professional task, task conflict, working environment, length of service, individual coping resources and rational thinking, among these aspects, professional tasks, work environment and task conflict are positively correlated with psychological stress reaction (PSY), and the length of service, individual coping resources and rational thinking are negatively correlated with it; the influence factors of interpersonal strain response (IS) are professional task, length of service, individual coping resources, age, working environment, task conflict, role ambiguity, role insufficiency and rational thinking, among them, professional tasks, age, working environment, task conflict, role ambiguity and task discomfort are positively correlated with interpersonal strain response (IS), length of service, individual coping resources and rational thinking are negatively correlated with it; the influence factors of physical stress reaction (PHS) are professional task, length of service, individual coping resources, working environment and rational thinking, among them, professional task and working environment are positively correlated with physical stress reaction (PHS), length of service, individual coping resources and rational thinking are negatively correlated with physical stress reaction (PHS).Conclusions:The occupational stress is widespread in 23A-level hospitals in Yancheng City. The personal and professional factors, such as age, length of service, marital status, type A behavior,working environment and task discomfort, are all the influence factors. The older nurses’ occupational level is even higher. The nursing staff who have worked for 3 to 9 years need more social support.Advices:1. Personal response. Nurses themselves can improve their comprehensive emergency ability and strain capacity by learning new knowledge, theory and skills. It is one of the efficient measures to ease the work pressure caused by tension;2. Management’s intervention. Pay attention to construct the nursing culture, improve the work environment, inhance the level of compensation, strengthen human resources management, attaches great importance to the nursing staffs physical and mental health;3. Family’s and social support. Guide the direction of social public opinion, improve nurses’ job satisfaction, inhance nurses’ social status and strengthen international cooperation. |
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