Changes Of Prevalence Of Overweight And Obesity During2001-2010in A Urban Elder Population And Its Relationship With Cardiovascular Disease Risks

Background and objectivesObesity is an independent disease, which was alsodefinitely associated with the risk of incidence and death of cardiovascular diseases andother chronic non-communicable diseases. Limited information was reported on thechange of obesity prevalence in elderly people in China, the aim of this study was toassess the secular changes of BMI, prevalence of overweight and obesity and therelative influence oncardiovascular diseases in elderly Chinese from Beijing,during2001and2010.MethodsWe conducted two rounds population based cross-sectional studies inelderly people from a representative urban area in Beijing in2001(n=2277) and2010(n=2102) respectively. BMI was calculated as body weight inkilograms divided bythe square of height in meters. Overweight and obesity were defined according to WorldHealth Organization (WHO) criteria(overweight and obesity were defined respectivelyas BMI≥25.0kg/m2and BMI≥30.0kg/m2) and WorkingGroup on Obesity in China(WGOC)criteria(overweight and obesity were defined respectively as BMI≥24.0kg/m2and BMI≥28.0kg/m2).Coronary heart disease and stroke were defined using the WorldHealth Organization’s MONICA (Multinational Monitoring of Trendsand Determinantsin Cardiovascular Disease) criteria. CVD was defined by the presence ofCHD and/orstroke.ResultsThe age-adjusted mean BMI was25.3(95%CI,25.1-25.5) for men and25.8(95%CI,25.5-25.9) for women in2001, and was25.0(95%CI,24.8-25.1) and25.0(95%CI,24.7-25.1) respectively in2010, were all significantly declined. Accordingto WHO criteria, the age standardized prevalence of overweight (BMI≥25kg/m2) were 48.3%among men and46.3%among women in2001, and were44.5%and39.9%respectively for men and women in2010; the age-standardized prevalence of obesity(BMI≥30kg/m2) was5.4%among men and11.6%among women in2001, and weredeclined to4.9%and7.3%in2010respectively, the prevalence of overweight andobesity were both significantly declined in women, but not in men either. According toWGOC criteria, the age standardized prevalence of overweight (BMI≥24kg/m2) were47.9%among men and44.9%among women in2001,and were47.2%and41.0%respectively for men and women in2010; the age-standardized prevalence of obesity(BMI≥28kg/m2) was19.2%among men and24.2%among women in2001, and wereboth significantly declined to15.5%and18.0%in2010respectively. Positivecorrelations were found between the levels of blood pressure, glucose and lipids andBMI. Multiple factors logistic regression analysis also indicated that healthy lifestylesuch as bettering changes of smoking, alcohol drinking and daily exercises in the10-year period also play roles in the declined overweight and obesity prevalence.According to the WGOC criteria, the multiple-factor adjusted odds ratios(ORs) and95%confidence intervals(95%CI) forCHD, Stroke and CVD by overweight and obesity were1.58(1.28,1.94),1.35(1.01,1.80),1.50(1.22,1.84) and1.78(1.39,2.27),1.51(1.08,2.10),1.78(1.40,2.27) respectively in2001; In2010the multiple-factor ORs and95%CIs for CHD, Stroke and CVD by overweight and obesity wererespectively1.32(1.06,1.65),1.35(1.02,1.79),1.38(1.12,1.70) and1.76(1.33,2.32),1.48(1.04,2.10),1.76(1.35,2.31). The ORs both increased with the BMI degrees inboth survey years. However thepopulationattributable risk proportions (PARPs)forCVDs caused by overweight and obesity to some extent were more or less declinedbetween2001and2010.Conclusions The mean BMI and prevalence of overweight and obesity weredecreasedduring2001-2010in a urban elder population. Hypertension, hyperglycemiaand hyperlipidemia are still the risk factors of overweight and obesity. Healthy lifestylein elderly people may partially account for the declined burden of BMI. ThePARPs forCVDs caused by overweight and obesity declined between2001and2010, might partially attribute to the declined prevalence of overweight and obesity in the elderly.