A Ecological Study On Sodium Pentachlorophol Use And Cancer Incidence In Tongling City

ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the cancer spectrum of the Tongling city, so as toexplore whether the community residents long-term lived in the pentachlorophenolcontaminated area would associate with elevated cancer incidences.MethodsThe research used the cancer cases data of Tongling in2009～2011by investigating thecancer registry system. And in order to complement the data, each community healthyservice centre in Tongling was interviewed. Cancer incidence rate, age-standardized rateof each district was calculated. The cancer patients’ residencies were geo–referenced ineach administrative district. The geographic coordinates of every registry weredetermined and the trend surface analysises were established for all kinds of cancer.By interviewing the Schistosomiasis Control Centre of Tongling, we obtained thehistorical data of PCP usage in killing oncomelania. We used the historical area ofkilling snails to calculate the PCP pollution index, and exposure categories based onquartiles of PCP usage index were created. The standardized rate ratios(SRR) of thecancer incidence with PCP exposure category of medium and high were calculatedrelative to low exposure category. ResultsTotally5288cancer cases were reported in Tongling City from2009～2011, the averageage-standardized rate(ASR) was224.79per100000. The male cases were3453, theaverage ASR=299.97per100000; the female cases were1835, the averageASR=155.40per100000. The incidence for digestive cancer, respiratory cancer andurinary cancer were higher in male than that in female, and opposite in breast cancer.The top ten cancer incidence were cancers for stomach, lung, esophagus, colorectal andanal, liver, breast, pancreas, lymphoma, gallbladder and leukemia. The results of trendsurface analysis indicated the incidences of esophagus cancer and total cancers of maleand total cancers of female were rised gradually from south to north. The median age ofcancer cases was65years old (66years old for males,63years old for females). Theage of occurring cases was mainly over50years old, which occupied81.5%of allcancers.The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the PCP usage was correlated withleukemia(r=0.88, P=0.002) for male, and with cancer of esophageal for male(r=0.83,P=0.010) and female(r=0.711, P=0.020). Most SRR values of cancers were significantlyincreased as exposure grade elevated, including the cancer sites in males: stomach, lung,esophagus, liver, bladder, lymphoma and leukemia; in females: stomach, esophageal,lung, pancreas, bladder, lymphoma and leukemia.ConclusionsCancers threaten to the health of males more seriously than that to the females. Thedigestive cancers occupied the most of the cancers occurring in Tongling City, whichshould be monitoring and controlling most. The cancer incidences were rised graduallyfrom south to north. Elderly people occurring cancers most, thus the healthcare of themshould be reinforced. Study results suggested that community residents living in the Na-PCP contaminate areahad increased risk of developing cancers, and also the Na-PCP exposure might associatewith the esophageal cancer, lymphoma and leukemia. But based on the correlation study,the results were not confirmed, further study was needed.