Analysis Of Benzo[a]pyrene And Phenol In Cigarette Mainstream Smoke And Study On The Reducing Harm

In order to implement and evaluate the technology of reducing tar and harm incigarette, a analytic procedure for Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and phenol in cigarettemainstream smoke (MS) was explored in this thesis, and zeolite and chitosan wereadded to cigarette as additives in different ways. And the removal effects, laws andreasons of these additives for B[a]P and phenol in MS were studied.(1) Ultrasonic time and solid phase extraction (SPE) conditions were optimized, andthen the analyzing method of B[a]P and phenol in cigarette MS was established. MSparticulate was collected on Cambridge filter pad, in which internal standard (D12-benzo[a]pyrene) had been added. The particulate was ultrasonically extracted withcyclohexane. Si solid phase extraction cartridge was used for separation and purificationof B[a]P and phenol. Then B[a]P was quantified by gas chromatography/massspectrometry with single ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM) with programmed temperaturevaporization (PTV) injection system, and phenol was analyzed by high performanceliquid chromatographic (HPLC) with fluorescence detector. Recovery of B[a]P rangedfrom90.87%to99.87%and the detection limit was0.23ng/mL. The recovery of phenolwas from89.56%to99.75%and detection limit0.02μg/mL. And this method was used todetecte B[a]P and phenol in domestic cigarette samples MS successfully.(2) Three kinds of zeolites, NaA, NaY, NaX, were added to filters of cigarettesrespectively, and the concents of B[a]P and phenol in MS were detected. The removallaws of B[a]P and phenol in MS were similar to the case of tobacco. The removalefficiencies of B[a]P were varied in following order: NaY>NaX>NaA. As phenol, theorder was NaX>NaY>NaA. When NaY zeolite was added by40mg/cig. in filters, theremoval efficiency of B[a]P in MS was optimum,19.38%. As optimal contents of NaX was added by40mg/cig., the removal efficiency of phenol in MS was optimum,15.33%.(3) The above-mentioned three kinds of zeolites were added to tobacco respectively,and then the concents of B[a]P and phenol in MS were detected. The results showedthat three types of zeolites had a good ability of removing B[a]P and phenol incigarette MS, and different types of zeolites adsorbed different percents of B[a]P andphenol in MS. When NaY zeolite was added by4%the weight of tobacco, theremoval efficiency of B[a]P was optimum,27.60%. When NaX was added by4%theweight of tobacco, the removal efficiency of phenol was optimum,26.23%,. Theremoval efficiencies of B[a]P, which is a non-polar compound, increased with thepore size increases, in the order: NaX≈NaY>NaA. In case of phenol, as a polarcompound, the order was NaX>NaY≈NaA.Compared with zetolites added to thefilters the removal efficiency of zeolites added to filter for B[a]P and phenol was good.Thus, different adding modes of zeolites adsorbed different percents of B[a]P andphenol in MS.(4) Chitosan was added to the cigarette filter, and the influences of dosage,chitosan’s deacetylation degree (D.D.), acid type and acid concentration on B[a]P andphenol in MS were discussed. B[a]P and phenol in MS were removed effectively bychitosan. Under the same conditions, chitosan in the citric acid solution was betterthan in the lactic acid solution on the removal efficiencies of B[a]P and phenol in MS.When1.5%chitosan with a D.D. of95%in4%citric acid solution (m: V) wasapplied in filter, the removal efficiencies of B[a]P and phenol in MS was optimum,the content of B[a]P was reduced by16.21%, and the content of phenol was decreasedby20.27%.In summary, B[a]P and phenol in cigarette MS were analysis accurately usinganalysis method of ultrasonic extraction, solid phase extraction, PTV-GC/MS andHPLC-FLD. Zeolite and chitosan have the capability of removing the contents ofB[a]P and phenol in cigarette MS. Compared to the zeolites added to the filter, the removal efficiencies of zeolites added in tobacco for B[a]P and phenol in MS werebetter than zeolites added in filter. The removal efficiencies of the chitosan dissolvedin citric acid solution for B[a]P and phenol in MS were better than the chitosandissolved in lactic acid solution. These conclusions provide a theoretical basises of theaccurate detection, reducing harm of B[a]P and phenol in cigarette MS.