| Due to the health concerns about cigarettes, it is the inevitable trend of tobacco industry development of research and sales of low-tar and low-hazard cigarettes products. However, some other new problems such as reduced psychological satisfaction and aroma, poor satisfaction, has been arisen as the tar to be decreased. Therefore, the effective method should be adopted not only targeted reduce the harmful components from smoke, but also selectively flavoring to make up the problems of declined amount of tar on dilution of smoke and improve the cigarettes’flavoring and taste and keep good sensory quality.This paper presented the differences between moderate and low tar cigarettes to find the losses of important aroma components while the amount of tar decreased and provide the data support of flavoring to develop "high aroma, high quality, low tar, low harm" products.This study has mainly finished the following work:1. To compare the differences of pyrolytic products of nine kinds of tobaccos, nine kinds of typical cut tobaccos were pyrolyzed and analyzed under different temperature (200℃,600℃and800℃) by an on-line pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PY/GC-MS). The results showed that:41,127and122kinds of components were respectively identified in the pyrolyzed at200℃,600℃and800℃; the deliveries of pyrolysates increased with the increase of pyrolytic temperature from200℃to800℃:increased by59%from200℃to600℃and by21%from600℃to800℃;In the pyrolysis products of the nine kinds of tobacco, the highest content were all nicotines, the next were all heterocyclic compounds and organic acids at high temperature. The amount of release of all nicotinic compouds in three production regions was in the sequence:Jianghua>Bijie>Chuxiong, and from the point of leaves potions of tobaccos, upper leaves had the highest amount of release and the lower leaves had the least. The tobacoos from Jianghua had the highest content of all heterocyclics and Chuxiong had lowest; Chuxiong X2F had the highest content of organic acids and Jianghua B2F had lowest; The most amount of release of the degrading products of carotenoids were Chuxiong C3F and Bijie B2F were least.2. The method of solvent extraction, SED, HS-SPME were compared in order to find the best extraction effect of TPM in mainstream smoke and the results turned out that the method of HS-SPME-GC/MS was superior to other methods for investigation of TPM of mainstream smoke from moderate and low-tar cigarettes. The effect of different SPME fibers, solvents, extraction temperature, extraction time, incubation time and desorption time on analysis results were investigated by using orthogonal experimental design and the optimum conditions for extracting the sample were achieved with the experimental parameters including the use of a85μm CAR/PDMS fiber, the extraction temperature of60℃, the extraction time of60min, the incubation time of5min and desorption time of8min. The112components of TPM were separated and identified, and the highest content of TPM was nicotine and acetic acid was second. The main categories of volatile and semi-volatile components were heterocyclic compounds, all alcohols and hydrocarbon compounds, respectively. Alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons and terpenes had the larger reduction rate than other categories as the volume of tar declined. In addition, the rate was between0.72(naphthalene) and3.84(quinoline). In conclusion, this method is fast, simple and accurate with high repeatability.3. The method of Cryogenic trap coupled with HS-SPME-GC/MS was established to analysis MVP of mainstream smoke from moderate and low-tar cigarettes. The effect of different SPME fibers, solvents, extraction temperature, extraction time, incubation time and desorption time on analysis results were investigated by using orthogonal experimental design and the optimum conditions for extracting the sample were achieved with the experimental parameters including the use of a85μm CAR/PDMS fiber, the extraction temperature of110℃, the extraction time of50min and the incubation time of10min. Under these conditions,45volatile and semi-volatile compounds were identified by GC-MS. Among them,2-hydroxy-Propanenitrile and furfural were found to be the major components. The main categories of volatile and semi-volatile components were all ketones, nitriles and heterocyclic compounds, respectively. Acids, esters and hydrocarbon compounds had the larger reduction rate than other categories as the volume of tar declined. In addition, the rate was between0.04(3-methoxy-propanal) and3.84(n-hexadecanoic acid). In conclusion, this method is fast, simple and accurate with high repeatability. |
PDF Full Text Request