The Research On The Distribution Characteristics And The Layout Optimization Of The Land For Mountainous Rural Settlements

The construction and the development of rural areas are the basis of the social harmony and stability. It is been a long time that the formation and the development of the rural areas of our country are in a voluntary status and the layout is extremely unreasonable. As the social economics of our country is rapidly developed, the construction of New Rural Areas is going in a greater depth and the constructional demand for land is increased gradually, a significant method of resolving the contradiction between supply and demand of land which are used for town construction and using land intensively and economically is to integrate the increased amount of the land for town construction with the decreased amount of land of rural areas, and the optimization of the layout of the rural areas is of vital importance. In this thesis, the spatial analysis function of the GIS technology and the Analytic Hierarchy Process are utilized. Based on the status quo of land using of the Qianyang County of Shaanxi Province and along with several social and economic statistics, the optimal layout of the rural settlements of Qianyang county is researched, which is of great significance to use rural economically and intensively.(1) The spatial distribution characteristics and spatial layout optimization research development of rural areas both in our country and other countries are reviewed. Also, several fundamental theories such as the theory of people’s living environment, the location theory, Planning theory, Geography of rural settlement are systematically analyzed, which is the basis of optimal layout research of the rural settlement.(2) The graph of the status quo of land using, the Geological disasters graphs and the statistical data are combined, and the GIS technology is utilized, the spatial layout characteristics of the rural settlement are analyzed and the problems in the spatial distribution are summarized both from the perspectives of natural elements and the social economical factors.(3) A comprehensive developmental appraisal system of the rural settlements is set up. Combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the GIS technology, the comprehensive developmental capacity of the rural settlement of the Qianyang County is appraised and three levels are divided, which are high developmental capacity, medium developmental capacity and low developmental capacity.(4) Based on the results of the comprehensive developmental capacity, the problems of the layout of the regional rural settlement are systematically analyzed. Four optimization patterns are proposed, which are relocating between different places, urbanization, internal transforming, and prior developing. In the end, several corresponding strategies are proposed in order to solve the different problems in the adjustment of the layout of the rural settlement.