Formation And Mitigation Of Social Risks

Since1950s, modernization alongside with the deep social transition has beenboomed in every country in the earth. During the modernization process, on the onehand, social structural becomes increasingly differentiated; economy maintainssustained and rapid development; urbanization is higher than ever. On the other hand,a huge amount of social issues occur with the global flow of personnel, capital andinformation: environment pollution, unbalance economic development and foodsafety bring huge risks for our society. Now China is on the process of modernization,we need to accept both common social risks brought by globalization and specialsocial risks form domestic China in transition.30years in the Reform and Opening period has witnessed great structuraltransformation of Chinese society which owns to the development of marketization,urbanization and commercialization development. Social groups become increasinglydifferentiated; social difference has been widened between different interest bodies;social contradiction and conflict has been serious and the social group incidents havebeen ongoing. Against such social transition background, social risks have beenhighlighted gradually and the expression for interest of interest groups becomes greatchallenges of social management. Limited by the current political system, regularinterest expression in administrative and judicial system can no longer meet therequirement for social subject, therefore, group interest expression has become theroot for formation and evolution of social risks.Nowadays, regarding the social risks, researchers focus on the following threeaspects. The first one, starting from the theory of risk society, researches the types andmanifestations of social risks. It makes strict division between traditional social risksand modern social risks; analyze the specific manifestation of modern social risks inmany fields. The second one starts from the root of social risks, analyzes the reasonswhy social risks so serious from economic, political and cultural aspects. The last oneresearches the coping mechanism of social risks. Some researchers propose toimprove current social risks manage system and build multiple mechanisms of social risks in order to achieve social harmony and inclusive development. Synthesizingexisting investigations in the academic circle, it can be found, both origin,manifestation, coping mechanisms of social risks and formation, evolution, copingmechanisms of nowadays social risks should be studied to provide pertinentprevention mechanisms of social risks.This essay, based on the risk social theory, researches Chinese social risks issuesagainst the background of transition period. Investigated the group interest expressionevent in F urban-village, analyzed the interaction process among social subjects, theessay learned the formation, evolution and coping mechanisms of social risks.Therefore, the core point of view of this essay: after the reform and opening, a greatdeal of social risks is brought from unbalance interest and differentized socialstructure. However, the coping mechanism exists shortcomings and causesdeteriorating social risks and finally endangers social management. After investigatingthe formation, evolution and coping mechanism of social risks, this essay draws thefollowing conclusion:After the reform and opening up, from the passive to active, social groups havestepped on the history stage as an independent interest subject. However, with thearrival of social transition, social differentiation has been widened by market economy.The current interest expression mechanism cannot meet the needs of social subject tosafeguard their own interests thus the social risks forms.After the formation of social risks, people need to control it and avoid itsevolution. Nowadays, coping mechanisms of social risks includes: appeasementmechanism, cooperation mechanism, conflict mechanism and competition mechanism.During the process of social risks evolution, these mechanisms cannot fundamentallyresolve social risks but lead to more malignant development. Interest subject cannotsafeguard their own interests through normal channels plus the government cannotmeet their demands, thus resulting in social subject’s losing confidence in managersand ultimately affect the entire social order and stability.In view of current coping mechanism of social risks, it is necessary to build aneffective and diversified social risks coping mechanism. The formation, evolution and social risk coping mechanisms require us to control social risk starting from thesource and process, require the cooperation between government and society. Only bythose, we can form an comprehensive governance situation and truly dispel socialrisks in the bud stage.