A Cross-Sectional Study On The Level Of Resilience Among Empty-nest Elderly In Hagzhou And Analysis Of Its Factors

[Objective] Recently, resilience has been already widely researched and applicated in mental health and health management. This study investigated the resilience status of empty-nest eldely by convenience sample and cross-sectional survey methods. We analyzed and discussed its influeneing factors, aiming to make feasible interventions program proposal for improving the level of resilience and maintain healthy mental status for empty-nest eldely and to help them live and develop better to achieve "active aging".During this study, we introduced Wagnild&Young’s Resilience Scale from American,completed the metrological test for the Chinese version of RS scale at the same time, tried to provide a scientific and reliable tool for related research in the future.[Methods]1、Through literature review, we described the progress and research issues of resilience from home and abroad. Theoretical analysis was applicated to explore the theoretical basis of adaptation and development of empty-nest elderly.2、Reviewed assessment tools of resilience in relate fields. American Wagnild&Young’s Resilience Scale (RS) was adopted and introduced into China,completed the translation,back-translation,culture adaption,reliability and validity test and detected it’s applicability in our country, especially in the older age groups.3、To determine the measuring tools and the influencing factors of resilience, theory study,literature review and expert consultation was conducted.Through above methods,we decided to use the Chinese version of RS,Symptom Checklist90,Perceived Social Support Scale,Trait Coping Style Questionnaire and demographic date.Using the method of the convenient sampling,200empty-nest eldely from Desheng Community and Cuiyu Community in Hangzhou were investigated the level of resilience,mental health status,social support, coping style. Through methods of one-way analysis of variance,pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions to analyze the relationship between mental health and resilience, explore influencing factors of resilience. [Results]1、On the basis of literature review and theoretical analysis, research framework was formed to guide this study.2、The results of scale metrological test showed that25items of Chinese version of Resilience Scale had a good identify degree; Principal component analysis resulted in five factors,explaining69.565%of the variance; Cronbach’s a of the sacle was0.943, Cronbach’s a of each dimensions in the sacle were0.797-0.913; Test-retest reliability was0.799after a month; The results of confirmatory were:x2/df=4.38, GFI=0.902, AGFI=0.817, NFI=0.927, TLI=0.905, CFI=0.923, IFI=0.914, RMSEA=0.076,implied the Chinese version of Resilience Scale had good reliability and validity;3、The results of cross-sectional survey:①The empty-nest eldely in Hangzhou experienced moderate levels of resilence (133.25±21.92), the score of each dimensions:Equanimity (34.03±6.34), Self-reliance (31.86±6.13), Aloneness (26.56±5.01), Perseverance (20.80±4.28), Meaningfulness(20.00±4.24);①The four factors score of the empty-nest eldely in somatization, depression, anxiety, were higher than the norm score;correlation analysis showed that symptom checklist score and its various dimensions (somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, sleeping&diet)were negatively related to resilience (P<0.01);③One-way analysis of variance found that gender, marital status, income, education, chronic conditions, the economy of the children, the education of the children, the frequency of contaction with the children and whether take care of grandchildren were related to the resilience of empty-nest eldely (P<0.05); Correlation analysis showed that social support and positive coping were positively related to resilience(P<0.01),but negative coping was negatively related to resilience(P<0.01);④Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the variables of positive coping,family support, the frequency of contaction with the children, gender, marital status and the education level were entered the model,accounted for55.6%of the total variances. [Conclusions]1、In this study, the revised Chinese version of RS had a good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, construct validity, distinction and discernment of the items were acceptable.it can provide an effective measuring instrument to evaluate resilience for Chinese empty-nest eldely or the general old people;2、The empty-nest eldely in Hangzhou experienced moderate levels of resilence; mental health was positively related to their resilience; positive coping, family support, the frequency of contaction with the children, gender, marital status and the education level were the influencing factors of resilience.The above results could benefit for mental health professionals in communities to screening high-risk at-risk group and make more individualized and feasible interventions to improve their resilience and coping ability, finally to mentain a health and good physical and mental state.