Research On Medical Aid For The Urban Poor People In Tianjin

With the economic system’s reforming, the social structure’sreorganizing and the urbanization process’s speeding up, the povertyproblem emerges rapidly. Due to the growth of health costs rising too fast,the medical security system being not perfect and health resources’irrational distribution the phenomenon of the poor’s pathogenesis makingthem come to poorer becomes very serious and the major problem whichis paid most attention on in people’s livelihood field. For guaranteeingurban poverty population access to basic medical rights and improvingtheir health level, the government put the medical treatment systemconstruction on the schedule.In China, the government released a notice of carrying out theexperiments of the city medical relief system in March2005. After thenotice had being released, each area government according local actualsituation had established the city medical treatment system one by one.Then the city medical relief was developing rapidly. In June2006, Tianjingovernment had released “the Tianjin city medical relief system pilot work plan” a year in five pilot areas. The medical help to poverty population isthrough ways like appropriate financial capital allowance, reductionmedical expenses of medical institutions, social donation, and other forms.Configure social relief resources rationally, establish and improve Tianjincity medical treatment system gradually and alleviate the question ofurban poor’s doctoring difficultly. But the effect of Tianjin urban medicalassistance has some problems, the limited scope of relief, funds growthslowly and so on. These issues urgently need to improve.The main idea of this paper is: first, defining and explaining basicconcepts like the poverty, the urban poor and the medical relief and relatedtheories; then comparing the city medical relief policy with the four areas,analyzing the situation of Tianjin city medical relief using statisticalsoftware empirically, revealing the existing problems and the reasons,putting forward the countermeasures of improving Tianjin city medicalrelief. The paper divides into three parts:Part Ⅰ: Chapter1, Introduction. The background and significance ofthe paper, the domestic and foreign research review, research idea andresearch method and the main contents and innovative points will beexpounded.Part Ⅱ: Chapter2, Some relevant theoretical basis of the urban poormedical relief. Related concepts including the poverty, the urban poverty population, the minimum life guarantee system, social assistance and themedical treatment will be defined; some relevant theories including thehierarchy theory of needs, the public products theory, the health servicejustice theory, the welfare economics theory and three times distributiontheory will be expounded.Part Ⅲ: Chapter3to Chapter5, which is the main part of the paper.Chapter3, The empirical analysis of Tianjin city poor medical relief.From the analysis of the Tianjin urban poverty population situation,summarizing the medical treatment urban dilemma to poverty population;then comparatively analyzing Tianjin city medical assistance frameworkwith the four areas and finding differences and similarities of the citymedical relief in these areas from a policy perspective; finally the medicalrelief effect to Tianjin urban poverty population had been investigated,using the questionnaire and statistical software.Chapter4, The problems and reasons of Tianjin city medical relief tothe poor. Based on actual situation of medical relief, problems and reasonsof the system were analyzed from the design to the implementation,including: the limited group medical relief covered; single medical relieffundraising channel; trivial application and approval process; fixedhospitals limiting the medical space; intervention time of the relief laggingbehind; not sound relief evaluation mechanism; not clear management department right.Chapter5, The countermeasures of perfecting the Tianjin city poormedical relief problems. Perfecting Tianjin city poor medical relief mustinsist on the fairness principle, the government responsibility principle,moderate principle, access principle, effective principle and all aidprinciple. On the basis of comprehensive investigation and study to theTianjin city medical relief, the specific measures of perfecting Tianjin citymedical relief were concluded: expanding medical aid coverage;simplifying application process and reimbursement program; firstprevention and prevention&treatment combination; playing to thecommunity health services to leading role; establishing the medical reliefquality evaluation system; strengthening the coordination among themedical relief management departments; And mobilizing social forces tothe city poor in the medical relief.This paper mainly adopted the following methods: One is theliterature research. Through collecting and analyzing the related literature,explaining the related concepts and basic theory of the city poor medicalrelief from theoretical side, mastering the researches and related problemsof city medical relief, establishing the idea and framework of researches.Two is the interview and questionnaire. Through the investigation of theactual situation, understand the implementation effect of the Tianjin medical relief, the recognition and evaluation toward medical relief fromthe targets to the city medical relief. Three is data analysis. Rely on thequantified form of the chart and statistical software, reveal data law andmake general descriptive analysis.The innovation of this paper is choosing one area as the inspectiontarget of city medical relief, through the interviews and questionnaireinvestigation method mastering the implementation situation of the Tianjincity medical relief and analyzing the implementation and the influencingfactors of the Tianjin city medical relief by statistics software SPSS17.0.