The Study Of Anxiety And Its Related Factors Of Part Of Endowment Crowd In Jinan Urban Community

BackgroundCurrently, Jinan City has already stepped into a fast aging society. According to statistics, the number of people aged60and above has reached up to one million, accounting for15.7percent of the total population, with an average annual growth rate of3.2percent. Tt is expected that by around2020, the elderly population of Jinan City will reach up to more than20percent of the total population. At the same time, Jinan’s aging population presents a much older trend. In2010, young, middle-aged and high-aged elderly accounted for53.38%,34.62%and12.01%of the total elderly population respectively. Tt is estimated by2050, the three age groups will account for37.59%,30.28%and32.12%seperately. With the aging of the population, social and family endowment burden is increasingly heavy.At present, China’s most old people’s endowment way is still the traditional family endowment way, children are the main care providers for old people. However, with the aging of the population, the number of disabled old people who cannot provide care for themselves and need long-term care is increasing, elderly care and nursing needs are becaming more and more. The continuous improvement of living standards makes the old man’s endowment service demand not only confined to basic material life satisfaction, psychological and spiritual comfort demand is increasing.lt shows that the old man’s endowment service demand has diversified. With the implementation of one-child policy, the number of only children is more and more, family size is smaller and smaller, a couple often need to take up a number of elderly’s pension task. These have led to increasingly heavy burden on their children. In addition to caring for the elderly, the children have to cope with various pressures of work and life, in the long run, mental health appear easily and, at the same time, also affect their ability to take care of the elderly.Many foreign researches show that family endowment may cause children physical, psychological and social activities and economic burden, of which the most common is psychological burden, mainly with the performance of anxiety and depression. In our country, fewer researches have been taken according to mental health problem of children in a traditional family pension process.Objectives1. Investigate the prevalence and severity of anxiety among Jinan city’s endowment children.2. Clarify the main influcing factors of anxiety of endowment children, which will provide reference to exert effective intervention on endowment crowd and improve the level of their mental health.MethodsUsing convenience sampling to select people aged40years old and above in three communities who has elderly people to support in Jinan. Adopt Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and a self-designed questionnaire of basic situation to investigate family caregivers. Use Epidata3.1software to establish a database for data entry, SPSS17.0and SmartPLS2.0for data collation and analysis. Describe the basic information of responders and research the incidence of anxiety in endowment children with different characters. Use independent t test, analysis of variance, generalized linear regression analysis, structure equation model analysis to study the risk factors of anxiety in the endowment children.Results1. The respondents are predominantly female, of higher educational level, general physical healthy, and mainly incumbents. Most of them have one to two elderly living in the city. The elderly have mainly low educational level, general self-care ability, mostly normal thinking ability, and good economic condition and medical care.2. The anxiety score of caregivers is significantly higher than the national norm, which has significant difference (P<0.05).136people have anxiety symptoms, accounted for14.5percent of all935people. There are103people with minor anxiety, accounting for11.00percent;30persons with moderate anxiety symptom, accounting for3.20percent;3persons with severe anxiety symptoms, accounting for0.30percent.3. The generalized linear model results show that women, lay off or unemployed, more sicknesses, feeling a heavy burden, more elderly to support in ecomomic and more elderly have difference between their endowment ways with the pension ideas of their children, are the risk factors of anxiety symptoms of endowment children4. In this study, by constructing a structural equation modeling, we made a further explore of the risk factors that affect endowment children’s anxiety symptoms. The standard solution of the final model show that there are five exogenous latent variables remain in the model. The path coefficient shows that women, low education levels, lay off or unemployed, more sickness, high work pressure, feeling a heavy burden, the elderly’s high economic, low thinking ability and more elderly have difference between their endowment way with the pension ideas of their children are the risk factors of anxiety symptoms of endowment children, this consistent with the generalized linear regression analysis result.Conclusions1. The anxiety symptoms of endowment children are mainly mild to moderate degrees, the proportion of major anxiety is smaller. The prevalence of anxiety should be concerned in having endowment burden children.2. Women, low degree of education level, lay off or unemployed, more sicknesses, high working pressure, feeling a heavy burden, more shared burden by spouse and brothers and sisters, the elderly’s high education level, low ability of taking care for themselves and thinking, high economic and health care level, are the risk factors of anxiety symptoms of endowment children. We should take effective intervention and seek effective endowment way, which can satisfy needs of the old and ease caregivers’ endowment burden, so as to improve the level of mental health in community endowment crowd.