Design Of Straw Deep-application Returning Machine And Experimental Research Of The Deep-application Device

As morden agriculturure developes, crop straw has become a sort of renewable resource with hugepotential in the world. China is a large agricultural country. Under the promotion of relevant nationalpolicies, foodstuffs production grows sustainably and stably. Straw yields a substantial increase at thesame time. In China straw yield in a year goes up to hundreds of millions of tons in recent years. Inaddition to direct combustion and feeding, straw can be used in straw returning, development of newenergy, industrial processes and other areas. However, the effective utilization of straw resource is verylow in our country and a large percentage of straw were abandoned and burned by direct bringingresource wasting and environmental pollution. Make the straw returning to fields and inhance theimplementation and promotion are the effective way to solve the problem above. It helps to achievesustainable development of agriculture and it’s significant to develop circular agriculture.This article described the great significance in such aspects as improving soil physicalcharacteristics, increasing soil fertility, promoting crop production and so on. Summarize the researchstatus of the mechanized straw returning technology at home and abroad. Straw returning to field hasvarious approaches. Straw deep-application returning to field not only has benefits like other approachesbut also helps to prevent loss of soil water and fertility. It can also notably improve soil water storagecapacity and stable soil temperature. So this paper designed and developed the straw deep-applicationreturning machine to implement straw deep-application returning to fields.The straw deep-application returning machine mainly includes straw pickup device, transmissiondevice, feeding device, cutting device, deep-application device and so on. The devices’ design processmainly used such methods as kinematic analysis, dynamic analysis and computer-aided design and soforth. Machine’s transmission system contains mechanical transmission and hydraulic transmission, thecontrol system consists of mechanical control, electrical control and hydraulic control. The equipmentadapts to both furrow land and flat land. It can complete straw’s pickup, cutting and deep-applicationreturning to fields one time. It matches tractor with power of160～200hp. It connects to tractor’ssuspension bracket. The forward speed is4～6km/h. Straw pickup and deep-application device’s workwidth is3ridge (ridge distance is about650mm). Straw can be cut into5～40mm. Strawdeep-application device’s work depth reaches15～40cm. The amount of straw deep-application can becontrolled by the deep-application device.Straw deep-application device is one of the key components. Its performance directly affects thequality and operating efficiency of straw deep-application returning to field. So test and analyse driving resistance and straw deep-application amount of the device on the straw deep-application test-bed. Alsodeeply explore its work performance and operation parameters.(1) Driving resistance test’s study factor includes deep-application depth, soil density and drivespeed. The test index is resistance. Research results show that resistance increases as soil density anddeep-application depth increase and when drive speed increases the resisitance increases. Three factorsimpact on resistance in dfferent levels. Soil density impacts the most, next deep-application depth, drivespeed impacts resisitance the least and it’s not notable.(2) Straw deep-application amount test’s study factor includes length of straw, rotate speed ofdeep-application helix and water ratio of straw. The test index is straw deep-application amount（volume）. Under the condition of the test, it shows when water ratio and length of straw increase theamount of straw deep-applicaton to field decreases and the straw deep-application amount increases asthe rotate speed of deep-application helix increases. The order of factors impact the amount from thelargest to the smallest is water ratio of straw, rotate speed of deep-application helix and the length ofstraw.Deep-application of straw to fields is the further development of straw returning technology.Design of straw deep-application returning machine and experimental research of deep-applicationdevice can offer references to the in-depth study of straw returning technology and equipment’s researchand development.