Design And Test Research Of Spiral Type Straw Deep Bury And Returning Machine

Straw is an important agricultural resource.In recent years,China’s straw treatment were strictly regulated,Prohibit burn straw,discarded straw and other acts,the agricultural sector is also stepping up the implementation of straw treatment,a series of the straw returning to its processing method is simple and efficient and has gradually become the preferred way of farmers straw processing.The benefits of straw incorporation are store water and retain soil moisture,increase soil fertility,make effective use of resources.In the Northeast brown soil corn ridge area,the bottom of the plow moves up year by year,plough layer became shallow,Soil tillage environment getting worse and worse.Therefore,related experts and scholars put forward the method of deep buried straw in the field.By breaking the bottom of plow,the soil was deep buried and deep loosening at the same time,so as to increase the fertility of deep soil and construct reasonable plough layer.This project is from the public welfare industry（Agriculture）scientific research special funds project,the research of technical index to dry land reasonable plough layer construction（201503116-09）.the project request matching implements can realize bury straw below25³0 cm.Based on the existing straw machine,according to the work request that“seeding strip firm,inter-row sloppy and bury straw separate a line”putted forward by agriculture experts,access to many domestic and foreign literature and research data,make in-depth study on key components,designed spiral type straw deep bury and returning machine,field experiments have been completed in the experimental field,the results and conclusions are as follows:（1）On the basis the reasonable plough layer construction technology index of central and southern rainfed upland soil in Northeast China plain,combined with the agricultural technology requirements of Straw returning machine,make system design and select of related components which implement key functions,put forward the design scheme of spiral type straw deep bury and returning machine,developed a straw deep bury straw machine that perform field operations such as straw collection,straw transportation,trenching,burying,covering soil,compacting and so on in one time.（2）Through the study of relevant literature on the Straw returning machine,make kinematics analysis on straw smash device and conveying device,obtained straw shaft speed is 1620 r·min^-1,speed of Y type flail tip is 40 m·s^-1,the transmission speed of belt is 1.416m·s^-1.Through the comparison of various forms of ditching device,the study selected more easily broken soil and small space ratio spiral ditching mode.The spiral opener speed and size related parameters were determined,the soil particles in the process of ditching spiral motion and force condition is analyzed.By calculating the amount of ditching and throwing soil,the rotational speed of the spiral cladding device is 540 r·min^-1,the diameter of the spiral blade is250 mm.The soil volume in a unit time is greater than the amount of the ditch,which can complete the soil covering operation and meet the technical requirements.The compacting strength of the repression device is 65 kPa,which meets the requirements.（3）The three-dimensional modeling of the straw pulverized cutter shaft is carried out with the Solidworks computer drawing software.The natural frequency of the first six modal forms of the straw pulverized cutter shaft is analyzed by using the ANSYS modal analysis module.The frequency of the rotating speed of the cutter shaft is far lower than the natural frequency of the first modal form,and the shaft of the straw pulverizing knife shaft is not shaft.Resonance phenomenon will occur to meet the requirements of stability.（4）Through the 3 factor,5 level two times regression orthogonal rotation combination test,the variance of the experimental results is analyzed,and the regression equation is optimized.,the opener speed was 270 r·min^-1,the planting depth is 28 cm,the length of straw could crushed to less than 5 cm,the qualified rate of open ditch was 98.6%,and the qualified rate of deep burial of straw was 90.2%,reached deep straw returning machine operation quality requirements,meet the requirements of reasonable plough layer construction technology index of central and southern rainfed upland soil in Northeast China Plain,provide references for the design and evaluation of straw deep bury and returning machine.