| Returning straw into field can increase soil porosity, lighter bulk density, increased water storage capacity, increase the organic matter, has multiple benefits of protecting the environment, soil fertility and increase food production. Straw mulching and straw plowed into field are the main methods of straw returned. In recent years, straw returned combined with subsoiling came to the straw deep application method, in addition to the advantages of traditional straw returned method, also improve soil water storage capacity and enhance the soil temperature in spring. Study straw deep application to field water storage effect and the mechanical properties of straw deep application to provide the technical basis is very necessary.In this paper, the effect of the straw deep application to field soil water storage, the design of spiral straw deep application machine test system, and performance test of straw deep application machine, specifically from the following aspects were studied:1) Land slot in the indoor placement of straw deep application, deep apply soybean straw, corn straw and rice straw into soil, soil bin with no straw as the control group. Implement artificial rainfall into soil bin. measuring soil moisture before and after the precipitation to study the influence of straw on the soil water storage capacity. The results show that three kinds of straw can increase soil water storage capacity, the deep application of straw half soybean straw and corn stalks in the15cm soil layer by an average of4.3%and4.5%of the control group. Nine months of soybeans, corn and rice straw in straw deep application at20cm depth on average than the control soil moisture content1.2%,2.3%and2.4%. After straw deep application22months corn stalks and control soil moisture at20cm depth than an average of1.7%.2) Straw deep application machine test system design. The test system uses a variable frequency motor drive straw deep application machine, through the inverter to control the variable frequency motor speed to control the screw shaft speed of the deep application machine, complete straw deep application operation tests.3) Experimental study on the properties of deep application machine.Experimental study on the moving resistance of the straw deep application machine, deep application depth, speed, soil density test factors to road resistance evaluation, the use of orthogonal regression test method to test indicators on the regression equation of the experimental factors. The results showed that deep application depth and soil density on the road resistance significantly, deep application the greater the depth the greater the resistance, soil density, the greater the road the greater the resistance, the two will be a direct result of the increase in the power of machine work.Experimental study on straw deep application machine’s delivery property, using the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation design method to study the effect about spiral shaft speed (40～200r/min) and straw length (5～45mm) on straw deep application flow and fill factorthe, related to the regression equation. Equation analysis shows that the speed the greater the deep application flow the greater the larger the straw length, the smaller deep application traffic; straw length less than10mm, the speed of deep application of the impact of the fill factor smaller. Straw length greater than25mm deep application to the fill factor increases with increasing speed. When speed is less than60r/min, straw length the greater the smaller the fill factor. The120r/min when the speed is greater than straw length on the impact of deep application of fill factor is smaller. Experimental study on straw deep application conveying different crop residues property, study effect of straw species on deep application flow. When other parameters under the same conditions, deep application flow of corn straw is greatest, followed by soybean straw, deep application flow of rice straw is the minimum. |
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