Correlations Between Root Shapes And Ginsenosides Profile In American Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolium L.) Cultivated In Liuba, Shannxi

American ginseng （Panax quinquefolium L.） belong to the genus Panax （familyAraliaceae） and is slow-growing perennial plant. But there are many factors relate to thequality of American ginseng, including ginsenoside, root shape, texture, colour, and so on. Aswe known, ginsenoside and root shape are the two most important elements for the quality ofAmerican ginseng. At the present, we have obtained many achievements for the research ofthe ginseng saponins, and there are few reports about root shapes and the correlationsbetween root shape and ginsenoside so far.This study based on the breeding work of American ginseng, and materials are fromShaanxi Liuba GAP production base of American ginseng. We analyzed and determined theroot shapes, the content of ginsenosides and mineral in root, and organization cultured thegermination inflorescence of American ginseng, by using the methods of UPLC, FAAS, andthe plant tissue culture technology, which aimed to prepare for the breeding. The mainresearch results as follows:1. Analyzed the root shape which came from three typical regions in Shannxi Liuba bythe new classification method, and which based upon2cm and5cm for main-root. So wegained five root shapes as Spider, Forked, Chunky, Columnar and Pencil. The resultsuggested that the predominance of Columnar is very obvious and there are no correlationsbetween root shapes and agrotype.2. In this paper, the ginsenoside components were studied systematically. By determinedthe six components （Rg1、Re、Rb1、Rc、Rb2and Rd）, we found that the content of totalginsenosides are similar in five root shape, and was more than2%of the provisions inPharmacopoeia, which suggested all the materials are qualified. And in addition, Re and Rb1were highest in all root shapes, and Rg1were lower than Rb1. What’s more, there aresignificantly different between individual in the content of ginsenoside. More interesting wasthat we found the new chemo-type of high PPT-low PPD in Spider, Columnar and Pencil. 3. In4-year old ginseng, the content of four mineral elements were Fe> Mn> Zn> Cu.The content of iron, manganese, zinc and copper were about41.07²16.20μg·g^-1,9.79¹08.20μg·g^-1,2.38²2.75μg·g^-1and0.03³.18μg·g^-1, respectively, and have somesignificant correlations with ginsenoside in American ginseng.4. The bourgeoned inflorescence can produce callus in all culture medium, which wereadded2,4–D, NAA,6–BA, TDZ or the combination of various hormones. The only differentis the time of need, what may depends on the germination level of materials. Callus after along time dark culture, which can formed the embryo, and continue to cultivate, we gainedfew tube seedlings.