| Objective:To research the allergic diseases of Tianjin and through the patch test to identify the most common contact allergens, analyze whether the positive rates of allergens have differences in patch test between different gender, different parts and different age groups or not, and to analye the two series patch test of Ruimin and TRUE TEST, to analye the consistency of the common allergens of two series, research the occupational exposure to the patients, reveal the role of occupational exposure factors in the disease.Methods:1. Retrospective analysis of the patients who were suspected of allergic diseases in Changzheng Hospital of Tianjin since January 2009 -December 2010, total of 1953 cases,810 cases were male, female were 1143 cases. All patients were patched test, follow the instructions, Reaction was considered to be five levels: negative (-),suspected positive (±), weakly positive (+), strong positive (++) and extremely strong positive (+++). The responses are recorded in addition to negative positive. Statistical methods for data used SPSS17.0 processing software. Count data, statistical methods useχ2 test, the results of p<0.05 as significantly different.2. Analyze the patients who were suspected of allergic diseases since November of 2010 February of 2011 of our hospital. Disease duration was 1 month to 30 years. Simultaneous contrast R reagent (European standard allergen series-Ruimin series) and T reagents (North American standard allergen series-TURE TEST Series), to compare the consistency of the positive rate of common allergens of two series, and to compare the allergens positive difference in the rate of two series. To analyze occupational exposure factors and reveal the role in the disease. Consistency with SPSS17.0 kappa test, the two series of reagentsχ2 test, positive rate to p<0.05 is significantly different.Results:1.1953 cases patch test were found that patients with one or more allergens were positive in patch test were 1576 cases, the total positive rate was 80.70%, higher positive rate of the first six allergens were:potassium dichromate (25.60%), cobalt chloride (24.78%), nickel sulfate (23.86%), Carba mixture (19.30%), aromatic mixture (17.82%), p-phenylenediamine substrate (12.65%). Of 20 kinds of allergens positive reaction results were analyzed and found that nickel sulfate and p-phenylenediamine substrate was strongly positive and highly positive for the proportion of high allergen than others. About 2/3 of all patients in the two or more allergens were positive for a high proportion.1953 cases, comparison of the difference between gender, it is found the positive rate of allergens and positive type have no significant statistical difference (p>0.05). But the order of higher positive rate of the allergens of men and women is not exactly the same. The highest positive rate of male allergens is potassium dichromate and the highest rate of women positive for the allergens is nickel sulfate. And three of allergens in the gender difference have statistically significant, these three allergens are nickel sulfate, black rubber mixtures and Carba mixtures.2. Simultaneously and randomly compare the Ruimin (R) and TURE TEST (T) two series of allergen patch test screening, analyze the consistency of the positive rate of two series of common allergens, found that the total positive rate between the two was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05), but the two series of the high positive rate of detection of allergen have slight difference; The common allergens of two series were 14, found that the positive rate of 13 allergens was no significant difference between the positive, there was only one allergen-a mixture of aromatic positive rates in the two series significant statistical difference (p =0.008<0.01); Using SPSS17.0 kappa test the consistency of common allergens of two series, found two series of common allergens of patch test in good agreement; Further explore the relationship between different occupations and exogenous allergens in allergic skin diseases, showed that there is difference in exogenous allergen among different occupations; In addition, researching the parts of disease, it is showm that the most common parts are face and hands; and analyze different age classes, found that allergic contact dermatitis occurs most concentrated ages of 20-50 years old, and most important allergens of all ages are different.Conclusion:This article statistical analysis of the 1953 cases of allergic diseases in patients with patch test, it is discovered that the most common contact allergens are potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride, nickel sulfate, carbachol mixture, aromatic compounds and p-phenylenediamine substrate, suggest that these allergens were major allergen who lead to allergic disease in Tianjin. Analyze the differences of allergens in terms of gender differences, found that the highest positive rate of male allergens is potassium dichromate and the highest rate of women positive allergens is nickel sulfate, nickel sulfate, carbachol mixture and black rubber mixture, the three allergens have statistically significant difference between men and women, indicate different allergens between the sexes were different. Synchronous and random comparison of Rui Min (R) and TURE TEST (T) two series of allergen patch test screening, found the common allergens of two series have good reproducibility, it is suggested that the two series were used for domestic allergen patch test test and could well reflect the common contact allergen in China; however, allergens are often not same between different occupations, different parts and different ages, reveal the important role of environment and occupational exposure factors in the diseases. |
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