Analyzing The Technical Efficiency Of Major Crop Production In China's Main Food Producing Area

Grain is very principle merchandise related to national interest and people's livelihood, grain is also basis in terms of economic development,social stability and nation independence, and keeping the national grain safe is still the major event for administratring state affairs well and ensuring national security. With the increase of population, the consumption of our country goes up inflexibly, at the same time, the progress of urbanization and industrialization develops accelerately, some restrict factors like resource and climate make it difficult about the sustainable increase on grain output, and the effective method of improving per unit grain yield is to boost technical rate of producing. The main grain producing district contributes three fourths of full grain production capacity, so those districts' producing situation directly affects the capacity of the whole country, which generates quite important driving function. With the optimization of grain construction, paddy, wheat, corn, those three grain adopt to the changes of marketing consumption gradually. Because the main grain producing districts and paddy, wheat and corn take pretty crucial role in our nation's grain production, doing this research is specific direction value.This research attempts to take micro-economics, institutional economics, econometrics and the related economic growth theory as basis, take DEA and SFA, two different measure methods, calculate and estimate the technical efficiencies about three grain, paddy, wheat and corn for main grain producing districts from 1988 to 2008. Due to DEA cannot do analysis technical efficiency's effect factors and effect extent, insofar as, DEA-Tobit two steps method has been used to find out factors affecting technical efficiency which estimated and calculated by DEA.Through comparing with two different measurement and analysis model, finally find out major factors of affecting technical efficiency in main grain producing districts.The study reveals:①In view of the overall situation, the technical efficiency of major grain crops in main grain producing districts stay a certain upper level, among them, the technical efficiency of paddy locals the highest place, meanwhile, the technical efficiencies of corn and wheat have the room to enhance further;②There are different factors to impact producing technical efficiency in main grain producing area;③Although choosing the same index and data, the results we get from two measures method are different.By compareing, it is turned out that the result of SFA is more scientifical and reliable.At last, based on the whole analysis, this paper comes up to improve the conditions for agricultural production to reduce loss of natural disasters; expand the main food crop planting area; strengthen well-bred breeding and popularization, further improve the efficiency of conversion technology. so as to increase our nation's grain producing technical efficiency, further, accelerate the development of grain producing more efficiently, more safety, more output and higher quality.