The Evaluation Of IWRM Performance And The Analysis Of Its Influential Factors In The Arid Area

In recent years, water crisis becomes more and more serious in China, especially in the arid area of northwest china. And its main features assume that water resource is increasingly scarce and that contradictions between the water resources competing uses are activated in all aspects. Obviously, the traditional water resources management model where supply management and separating management predominate cannot resolve these water problems effectively. Now, IWRM is regarded as the most effective water management model that can resolve the present water crisis, and is accepted widely. According to the objectives and the framework of IWRM presented by GWP, evaluating and analyzing the water management performance and its influencing factors of specific region so that definite the deficiency of the water management can provide the local government the important information to improve water management and enhance sustainable use of water resources from the standpoint of IWRM. In this paper, taking the water management under the background of constructing the water-saving society of Ganzhou District in middle reaches area of the Heike River where the water crisis is serious as the research case, the water management performances in arid northwest China are assessed and their influencing factors are analyzed empirically.Firstly,based on the study of the conceptions, principles and framework of IWRM, and combining the features of the research area, the assessing index system of IWRM performances and that of influencing factors that fit Ganzhou District and its irrigation areas are established quietly roundly in this paper, thereby the IWRM performances can be assessed and the influencing factors analyzed comprehensively and objectively. The assessing index system of IWRM performances include four dimensions: environmental sustainability, social equity, efficiency and benefits of water uses and the administrative efficiency of organizations in the water use and management; the index system of influencing factors include the enabling environments (institutional and financial support for water development and management), management system, management tool in the regional IWRM framework and the level of regional development。Secondly, based on the questionnaire survey on the sixteen experts, the weights of IWRM performances indices of Ganzhou District and its irrigation areas are determined by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). It turned out that the mainly impacting indices on the synthesized achievement of IWRM of Ganzhou District are coefficient of water exploitation that reflects water environment sustainability, the output of GDP per cubic water that reflects competitive benefits of water use, the agricultural output per cubic water that reflects the agricultural water benefit, the forest coverage that reflects the ecological environment sustainability, which indicates the meanings of these aspects are relatively more important to sustainable water use and sustainable development of Ganzhou District. In terms of the irrigation areas in Ganzhou District, the indices which play more important roles are the change of ground water depth which reflects water environment sustainability, the vegetation coverage that reflects the ecological environment sustainability, the agricultural output per cubic water that reflects the agricultural water benefit and irrigation water capacity per acre that reflects agricultural water efficiency, which shows that conserving and controlling the underwater, increasing the ecological vegetation coverage and the enhancing the efficiency and benefits of agricultural water are more important to sustainable water uses and sustainable development of the irrigations areas of Ganzhou District.Thirdly, based on the questionnaire survey and interview on the water managers of and its irrigation areas, the indicator-values of IWRM performences are calculated and evaluated by using Relative variation Index Method and Synthetical Index Method. The main results include that IWRM synthesized achievement of Ganzhou District is prominent but there are obvious differences among the achievements of the four dimensions evaluated: the achievement of the efficiency and benefit of water utilization is notable, the efficiency of administrative organizations non-significant, and that of environment sustainability declining, which indicates that economic benefit is stressed specially but environmental protection neglected and the construction of management institution and its reform are insufficient in the water management; in terms of the environment achievement, the achievement of ecological sustainability is indistinctive and that of water sustainability decrease, which indicates that water environment in Ganzhou District is unsustainable; the great decrease of disputes relative to water uses indicates more and more fairness and harmony of water uses in Ganzhou District; the overall achievement of the efficiency and benefit of water utilization is prominent, but that of the agricultural water efficiency is not apparent, which indicates that endeavors of saving water in agriculture is ineffective; in terms of the engineering achievement of the efficiency of administrative organizations, the lining rate irrigation canal system of Ganzhou District is raised greatly but its serviceability rate low, which indicates engineering construction is stressed specially but engineering services neglected in the water management of Ganzhou District. Thus, some suggestions are given out, including: updating water management ideas, attaching importance to and ensuring ecological water use control all kinds water uses and optimizing industrial structure ,enhancing sewage treatment and water-saving in agriculture.Finally, the influencing factors on the IWRM performance of the irrigation areas of Ganzhou District are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively, using Regression and Correlation Analysis The results are as following: through institution building, system innovation and its capacity constructing, the synthesized achievement is raised in somewhat, but as the internal motivation to raise the IWRM achievement, the regional development and management tools don't do their work; because of the lack of the contents for environmental protection especially for ecological protection, the present enabling environments (institutional and financial support for water development and management), management system the irrigation areas of Ganzhou District go against the raise of environmental achievement in the irrigation areas; the openness of the information, the Capacity Building of water managers, the extent to which the delegates of general water users participate in the key water conferences raise the IWRM achievement of social equity effectively, but the lack of virtual supervisory mechanism and the normal and stable channels through which general water users feedback comments and express demands of their interests impact the raise of the achievement of social equity; the achievement of the efficiency and benefit of water utilization is promoted mainly because of the widespread of the high-benefit and water-saving crops and the water-saving technology, the cultural level of farmer and institution building of water management and so on., but the factors such as measuring of water used, the using of water ticket and irrigation water trading don't do their work.; the main factors that promote the efficiency of administrative organizations of the irrigation areas include financial support for administrative organizations, training of water managers and so on, but as composed to them, the investment on water engineering, democratic supervision in water management and the lack of the effective communication between the manager and water users become the main constraints. Thus, suggestions that improve the water management are given as flowing: encourage further the water users to participate to of the police-making, supervision, irrigation works investment during the water resources management processes so as to mobilize the internal economical and human resources; and so on.