Retrospective Analysis Of 185 Inpatients With Drug Eruption

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical feature of inpatients with drug eruption,the relationship between causative agents and clinical types,the impact factors of severity and systemic damage,provide the prevention and treatment of drug eruption.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 185 inpatients in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital nearly 7 years,from Jan 2002 to Dec 2008,to analysis the sex,age,latent period,causative agents,types,systemic damage, laboratory examination,therapy of drug eruption with excel 2003 software.The difference of systemic damage and severity between the four age groups(0-20,21-40,41-60,61-),were compared.Statistical analyses are performed with SPSS 15.0 software.Results185 patients,85 males and 100 females,with drug eruption were enrolled with an age range of 4 years to 89 years,mean(39.16±20.58years).The largest percentage of total number was from 21 to 30(22.70%).The longest mean incubation period was anti-epilepsy drugs in all drugs(16.78±9.45 days) and Steven-Johnson syndrome in all clinical types(13.87±10.51).The drugs most often responsible for the drug eruption were antibiotics(penicillins 12.4%,cephalosporins 12.97%,etc.),followed by the antipyretic analgesics(23.78%),Chinese patent medicine(9.19%),anti-epilepsy drugs(6.49%).The commonest clinical types were erythema multiforme(35.14%), urticaria(23.24%),morbilliform-scarlatiniform exanthesis(20.54%).The commonest type is urticaria in furaxone-induced drug eruption and fixed drug eruption in sulfonamide-induced skin rash.6 patients with fixed drug eruption are all male and there was significant difference in male and female.37 patients were concomitant with the liver damage,the commonest causative agents were antipyretic analgesics, cephalosporins,carbamazepine.The incidence rates were higer in younger(0-20) and elder(61-) than the other groups(p＜0.05).Among them there were 29 cases of severe drug eruption.Administering corticosteroid early and sufficiently and preventing & curing complication actively was the key to cure severe drug eruption.The severe drug eruption's mean course was longer than the others(p＜0.05).Conclusions1.There were no difference between men and women.2.The most frequent causes were antibiotics(mainly penicillins and cephalosporins),followed by the antipyretic analgesics,Chinese patent medicine,anti-epilepsy drugs.3.The commonest clinical types were erythema multiforme,urticaria,morbilliform- scarlatiniform exanthesis. The commonest type is urticaria in furaxone-induced drug eruption and fixed drug eruption in sulfonamide-induced skin rash.The commonest drug leading to severe drug eruption was antiepileptics.The fixed drug eruption was very common in male.4.Different drug and different types had regularity of the incubation period.5.The commonest drug leading to systemic damage were antipyretic analgesics, cephalosporins,antiepileptics and systemic damage mainly including liver,kidney, hemopoietic system.6.Age had little effect on the severity of drug eruption,but had difference on systemic damage.7.Administering corticosteroid early and sufficiently and preventing＆curing complication actively was the key to cure severe drug eruption.