| Background:Geriatric depression is the most common mental disorders, serious harm to the physical andmental health of the elderly. It can make the body functioning declined and chronic diseasesdeteriorated, increasing the risk of deformity, impairing the quality of life. With the aging of thepopulation has accelerated, the incidence of geriatric depression is increasing. How timelyprevention, intervention depression and other undesirable emotions, improving the mental healthof the elderly and the level of group life quality have become social and the medical professionbroad topic of concern.Reminiscence therapy is a simple, economical and practical methods of psychologicaltherapy, to help the elderly live from the events Finds self-maintaining self-concept and improvecognitive function, reduce anxiety and confusion, enhance self-esteem, increase autonomy andlife satisfaction. Butler made since nostalgia for the idea, Foreign researchers have carried outmany of the nostalgia for the treatment of the elderly to improve cognition, emotion, self-esteemand other aspects of the study. In recent years nostalgic for the elderly to ease the effects ofdepression more attracted attention from researchers. Meanwhile, reminiscence therapy has beenwidely used in the elderly nursing home, the effect was affirmed.Currently the elderly depression identification and intervention research in our country was still in the initial stage, the common psychological intervention methods included cognitivebehavioral therapy, supportive psychotherapy intervention, the collective health education, socialactivities and arrangements for family visits, have yet to see the application of reminiscencetherapy for elderly depression study reported. Meanwhile intervention studies' targets mainlyconcentrated on the elderly in the family, community and hospitals. Few studies focused on thedepression screening and psychological intervention of the older persons living in the nuesinghomes. However, with the aging of society the acceleration level, "empty nest" families of theelderly are increasing, the contradiction between the increased demand for elderly care and familycare scarce resources was the increasingly prominent, more and more older persons chosed to livein nursing homes, their physical and psychological health should be the concern of thecommunity.The study will try to choose the elderly living in institutions, First choice epidemiologicalstatus of the investigation methods, and use of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Social SupportScale (SSRS), and the own designed socio-demographic questionnaire to endowment institutionselderly depression investigate, analyze the prevalence of the elderly depression in nursinghome and explore major related factors. Based on these data, in combination with foreignresearch experience, the study tried to make suitable for the country's social and culturalbackground of reminiscence therapy for the content and implementation of intervention programs,and the use of therapy for mild to moderate depression without cognitive impairment in theelderly psychological intervention pilot study implementation of the treatment process, carefullyrecorded interviews, in-depth analysis of the interview, through quantitative and qualitativeresearch study ways to combine more comprehensive, objective exposition of reminiscence forold-age institutions to ease elderly depression symptoms, improve the quality of life results. Toprovide certain reference to care institutions for the elderly in developing psychologicalintervention and psychological care model to improve the mental health of the elderly situation,improve the quality of life of the elderly. Objectives:Describe the prevalence of the elderly depression in nursing home, Explore theeffectiveness of the reminiscence therapy to reduce the depressive symptoms,increase recovery rate of depression, and improve the quality of life of the depressedelderly.Subjects and Methods:The first part of a cross-sectional study using epidemiological methods Guangzhou to aprovincial nursing homes for elderly depression status of the investigation and analysis of itsinfluence factor. Survey using stratified random sampling method, gender and age stratification,In Guangzhou, a provincial selection of homes up to the standard of the elderly sample, a total of410 elderly people, Interview with the smooth and successful record of 379 valid questionnaires,the questionnaire efficiency is 92.43%. Male 132 (34.83%) and 247 women (65.17%), 60-102years of age, the average age is 80.51±7.36. Use the questionnaire include: selfsocio-demographic information questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) version.Screening for Mini-Mental State (MMSE), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The softwareSPSS for Windows, release 11.5 for personal computers was used for statistical activity.Torandomly sampled 20 strains database software, data logging, statistics and analysis. Statisticalmethods included descriptive analysis, the chi-square test, Independent-Samples T Test, BinaryLogistic Regression. The standard test isα=0.05 level.Based on the investigation result, reminiscence therpy was used in the eldly up to thestandard of the study to explore the effects of nostalgia for old-age institutions to alleviate theelderly depression symptoms, depression remission rate increase and improve the quality of life.The targets for a resident of Guangzhou provincial nursing homes have mild to moderatedepression in the elderly. The study by the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected again, usingsimple random sampling technique as 80 elderly subiects, randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group and the control group of 40. The control group of normal life, the interventiongroup received a six-week, eight of nostalgia for treatment, these first two weeks targetedintervention accept the intervention twice weekly, four weeks after a weekly intervention, eachintervention duration of 30-45 minutes. Before and after the intervention of two time points to apsychological test Scale: Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) version and the health statusquestionnaire (SF-36) for the Chinese version of the survey to compare the treatment effects. Inthe treatment process, the study personnels carefully recorded interviews, in-depth analysis of theinterview, and combined the results of quantitative research with qualitative research to analysisthe study results. The software SPSS for Windows, release 11.5 for personal computers was usedfor statistical activity. Statistical methods included descriptive analysis, the chi-square test, T Test,The standard test isα=0.05 level.Results:1. Pension institutions elderly depression rate was higher, 379 samples were tested, 146people had different levels of depressive symptoms (GDS≥11), the total rate was 38.52%. 116old people had mild depression, accounting for the overall trial was 30.61%, 30 people hadmoderate to severe depression, for the whole test was 7.91% of the elderly. GDS average score of9.88±6.63 was significantly higher than domestic reported by 621 elderly GDS average 6.42±5.13 minutes, (t=10.17, P＜0.001).2. Socio-demographic factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly occur to a certainextent, occupation, educational level, family status of depression significantly affect farmersgroup rate of depressive symptoms than other occupational groups. The difference was significant(x~2=9.651, P=0.022). Depression Group illiteracy rates higher than the non-illiterate group, thedifference was significant (x~2=10.748. P=0.001). In addition, homes for a short time andwithout any symptoms of depression lovers interested in the high incidence of different gender,age, Marital status of the group incidence of depression differences in this study there is no statistical significance.3. For the elderly status of subjective self-evaluation will affect the psychological state of theelderly, self-assessment activities of daily living, the state of the economy, health status and lifesatisfaction better elderly depression symptoms were significantly lower than the results from theassessment of the elderly poor, the difference between the groups were statistically significant.4. Living in nursing homes for the elderly social support scores were lower than the norm34.56±3.73 (t=8.14, P＜0.001). Have symptoms of depression in the elderly community tosupport the score, a subjective, to support the use of three score was significantly lower than thesymptoms of elderly depression, the difference was statistically significant. In support of scoresobjective difference between the two groups was not significant (t=0.795, P=0.427)5. Reminiscence therapy intervention, the intervention group compared with GDS scoresbefore intervention has dropped significantly, by t test, the difference was statistically significant(t=-5.764, P＜0.001). GDS score of the control group after six weeks although lower, but thedifference was not statistically significant (t=1.579. P=0.123). By covariance analysis, theintervention group and the control group GDS scores were significantly different (F=13.220. P=0.001), after six weeks of the old treatment, intervention and control groups elderly depressionremission, Upon examination, the intervention group of elderly depression symptoms easedsignificantly higher level of the elderly, (x~2=5.674. P=0.017).6. After six weeks of reminiscence therapy, the intervention group of health-related quality oflife in relation to various latitude intervention in the former have elevated t-test showed that thegeneral health status (GH), Emotional functions (RE) and the Mental Health (MH) 3 latitude scoredifference was statistically significant. In the control group of normal life (not to acceptreminiscence therapy) After six weeks, Health Survey (SF-36) measured in addition to thephysiological function outside the latitude than the six-week slightly higher But by the t-testshowed that all the latitude to intervene after scores were not statistically significant. Afterintervention, the intervention group's scores of health-related quality of life in the general health status (GH), emotional function (RE) and the Mental Health (MH) 3 latitude was significantlyhigher than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusions:1. Geriatric depression is common bodies of the elderly mental health problems, living innursing homes for the elderly is a society where the elderly population an important component ofthe attention to the elderly mental health needs, according to the elderly mental healthcharacteristics, in the elderly care given its necessary psychological and social support, is thecurrent increase and improve the quality of services sector pension is worth attention.2. Socio-demographic factors for depressive symptoms in the elderly occur to a certainextent, occupation, educational level, family status of elderly depression apparently. Since theassessment of independent living, the state of the economy, health status and life satisfactionbetter elderly depression symptoms was significantly lower than the results from the assessmentof the elderly poor. Living in nursing homes for the elderly social support was significantly worsethan the elderly living in home or community. This was needed to attract the attention of thecommunity.3. The implementation of reminiscence therapy in Institutions for the elderly help to improvethe symptoms of depression, depression remission rate raise the overall elderly population inmental health and quality of life in old age. to promote the health of aging is of great significance.4. Reminiscence for the implementation of the program should be based on reality and withwhich social and cultural background of the actual choice. Nostalgia for the implementationprocess to be followed step-by-step, elementary, and gradually guide the principle attention to thevarious techniques (such as earing, listening, positive feedback, accept and experience sharing,etc.) invoked, timely detection of emotional changes, to ease caused by the bad experience ofnegative emotions and rational application guide on, to achieve effective and efficient.5. Reminiscence therapy is simple, economical and practical, with the larger social and economic benefits, suited to the endowment by the health institutions and health workers topromote the implementation of nurses.
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