Anti-tumor And Immunoregulation Study Of Phellinus Linteus Embarked In Satellite

Malignant tumor is one of the major diseases affecting human's health and the invasion and metastasis of malignancy will threaten patients' lives at last. With the development of oncology and cell molecular immunology research, people realized that the occurrence and the development of tumor have close correlations with the host's immunity system. Organism immunity function condition, has the important influence on the tumor occurrence, development and the prognosis. The conventional methods of treatment such as chemotherapy, the radiotherapy and so on may damage the immunity organ of the organism during killing tumor cells at the same time. It will reduce the function of cellular immunity and the humoral immunity of the organism, thus further reduce the ability of anti-tumor and the anti-infection, which affects the treatment and prognosis of the tumor. In particular, the great majority of chemical compounds, which have been identified as cytotoxins to cancer cells, are also toxic to normal cells and inhibit body immune function.With the view of developing new anti-tumor substances with low toxic potential, numerous polysaccharides have been investigated for their anti-tumor and immunoregulation activities. Efforts to find new immunotherapy with lower side effects are on-going. Therefore, the cooperation of the traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine has become the development tendency of tumor treatment. And the researches indicated many Chinese herbal medicines have the anti-cancer function, and at the same time they can reduce toxin and the chemotherapy side effects. The Phellinus linteus is which has a highly affection on anti-tumor function, by the reputation as"king of the anti-cancer",it's extractum is widely used in the anti-tumor treatment. As combinations with the chemotherapy medicine, it may enhance the curative effect and the organism immunity, as well as reduces the poisonous side reaction.With the rapid development of our nation's astronautics technology, the territory of outer space medicine research is getting hot. Different from the Earth, the outer space special environment including the cosmic rays radiation, microgravity and the micro magnetic field, which may cause the variation which biological somatic cell DNA occurs inherit, thus the microorganism's biological activity may be strengthened or changed . The scientists predicted that, along with astronautics biological technology development, in the outer space environment stimulation, new microorganism that can prevent and control cancers, diseases of the liver, diabetes etc will appear incessantly. The day that people will use"magical drug from outer space"is not far. This research namely uses the Phellinus linteus which has been embarked by the Long March 2 third rockets launches to lift off, passes through 27 day-long orbital motions, recycles the landing smoothly, has made the preliminary discussion to its anti-tumor function and its immunity adjustment function. Moreover the anti-tumor function compares with ordinary Phellinus linteus, discusses the enhanced biological activity function of the anti-cancer fungus which had been in outer space environment.1 Anti-tumor experiment in vivoAnti-tumor activity of embarked PL was determined by solid tumor models. MFC, H22 and S180 were xenografted into ICR mice and 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg PL were administered for 10 days. The result showed 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 g/kg PL groups could evidently reduce the tumor weight of MFC,H22 and S180.Average inhibition rate(IR) in MFC is 37.2%,43.24%,48.52% respectively(P<0.05);IR in H22 is 31.61%,37.87%, 43.16% respectively(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01);IR in S180 is 34.49%,39.59%,45.42% respectively(P<0.05,P<0.05,P<0.01).Throughout the experimental period, no severe weight loss was observed.2 Effect of PL on immune function2.1 Lymphocyte proliferation experimentLymphocytes proliferation induced by ConA and LPS was measured by MTT assay .The results show the lymphocyte proliferations were significantly improved when cultured with ConA and LPS. The average absorbance of lymphocytes from 2.0g/kg, 1.0g/kg and 0.5g/kg group are higher than the untreated control group; the difference is significantly compared with control group (P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.05).2.2 The cytotoxic activity of NK cellsMeanwhile, lymphocytes from mice implanted MFC cells are prepared as described above. Spleen cells suspension (1×107/ml) are used as the effect cells and YAC-1 cells is used as the target cells. YAC-1cells engulfing neutral red determined the cytotoxic activity of NK. The results showed embarked PL (2.0g/kg, 1.0g/kg) can enhance the cytotoxic activity of NK cells (p<0.01, P<0.05).2.3 Effect of PL on the activity of macrophages from H22 tumor-bearing miceThe main function of macrophage is englobement, action of kill and wound, antigen presentation, immunoregulation and anti-tumor. In our study, PL of 2.0g/kg, 1.0g/kg and 0.5g/kg group can enhance the ability of englobement ofmacrophages (P<0.01, P<0.05, P<0.05), indicating that embarked PL can improve the activity of macrophages.2.4 Effect on IL-2 and IFN-γactivity of bearing mouseAfter 24h of tumor inoculation, PL is administered intragastricly at doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg body weight and continued for 10 consecutive days.10 days later, for S180 bearing mice, the IL-2 and IFN-γcontent in serum is tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay .The result shows that embarked PL could improve the level of IL-2 and reasonably decrease the level of IFN-γin the serum of mice bearing S180.2.5 The spleens and thymus indexAverage weights of the spleens and thymus (0.1 mg per gram body weight) were significantly greater than those of positive control groups, indicating that embarked PL could increase the weight of immune organ (p<0.05, p<0.01).3 PL embarked in satellite damps the lump rate to the mouse and the immunity function influence. And it has obvious enhancement than ordinary PL, it is most remarkable by 2.0g/kg and the 1.0g/kg group.To sum up, embarked PL has showed the efficient anti-tumor effects, enhancing anti-tumor activity of chemotherapy drugs and lessening their side- effects .And the most important characteristic of PL is resided in its safety, namely no adverse effects. It has an obvious enhancement than ordinary PL on the anti- tumor biological activity, which is thought that it is realized through the stronger immunity control action in this research.