| PrefaceDepression which belong to affective disorder is a kind of disease characterized with low mood . Up to now, TCM have done a lot of works in the study and treatment on depression , and also have gained many achievements . But till now, no unitive criterion could be followed by TCM researchers to obey . Besides, in traditional syndrome criteria, description of mental symptoms is obscure, mental symptoms have little value in identifying syndromes.This study analyzed common clinical data of depressive patients, the regularity and the features of deferent syndromes . This article includes two parts theoretical study and clinical study. 1 Theoretical Study1.1 Clinical conditions and classification of depression(1) Depression's common symptoms : 1) Mood and Sentiment: Mainly includes sadness , low motivation , hebetude, feeling absence , anxiety , high tension , etc . 2) Thought and Cognition : Mainly contain attention descent, hesitant, self-confidence loss, self-depreciation, pessimism, suicidal idea, and so on .3) Psychomotor: Include two kinds : anergia and agitation. 4) Somatic Manifestation: Includes four categories , they are changes in basic functions and vigor of the body , feelings , visceral symptoms .(2) Classifications: Monism considers various kinds depressive states as a continuous thing. Popular dichotomy includes follow classifications: Primary Depression/Secondary Depression, Psychotic Depression/Neurotic Depression, Mono-polar Depression/Bipolar Depression, Pure Depression/ Depressive Pedigree, Anergia Depression/Agitated Depression, Climacteric Depression/Senectitude Depression, etc. Pluralism includes ICD system, DSM system and CCMD system.1.2 Psychological rating scale and evaluation of depression's clinical situation(1) The style of rating scale includes subjective scale , self-rating scale, checking scale. According to the layout of the items they can be divide into 5 kinds, they are digital rating scales , descriptive rating scales, normal rating scales, check-lists, compulsive-selection rating scales, and generally they can also be classified as two kinds: self-rating scales and subjectivescales.(2) The values of rating scales in psychological evaluation are objective, comprehensive, convenient. This article introduced four kinds of most popular scales for depression and symptom collecting, they are SDS, SCL-90, BDI, HAMD.1.3 The opinion of Chinese Medicine in depressionThe beginning of TCM to realize depression can be retrospected to Qin-dynasty, but the range is too wide , it includes all the stagnated pathologic changes caused by exogenous factor and emotion. Till Jin-Yuan dynasty , people began to consider depression as a dependent illness, and transition appeared in the sectors of etiologh and the range of the depression. Till Ming & Qing dynasty, depression's pathogenic factor was defined as irregular emotions.1.4 Syndrome classification and the description of mental symptoms in depression's syndromes(1) Reports from literatures mainly used zang-fu differentiation, the popular syndromes include weakness of both the heart and spleen , stasis of the hepatic qi, stagnation of qi and blood stasis, phlegm stagnancy, the depressed liver with the insufficient spleen, asthenia of both the spleen and the kidney, you-yu-shang-shen, depression of the liver generates pathogenic fire , deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin deficiency of the liver-yin and kidney-yin, etc.(2) The description of mental symptoms in depression's syndromes from reports have many problems, such as nonstandard name of the symptoms, unequal mental symptoms in same syndrome , un-quantified mental symptoms, no differential symptoms in the syndrome description, etc.(3) We consider there are many shortcomings in the present researches, for example, uncertain criteria of depression, nonstandard criteria of identification and symptom description, small sample clinical research, uncultured method, etc.(4) The paper put forward that we should make use of... |
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