| ObjectiveThe paper studied the status and risk factors for falls of Chinese older persons so as to provide evidences for their falls prevention, improve quality of life in older persons, evaluate the injuries and burden of disease for falls and enhance cognition to seriousness of falls in elderly people.MethodCombining cross sectional study with mathematical model, we conducted a study on the status, causes and risk factors for falls of old persons in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province and in rural areas of Yantai city, Shandong Province, analysed direct cost and social price for falls of old people and put forward preventive strategies and suggestions.Result1. Among 1443 persons, falls were reported by 296 subjects (20.51%) and recurrent falls were reported by 116 subjects(8.04%) last year.2. The incidence rate of falls was 13.71% in male and 26.92% in female, so the difference between male and female was statistically significant (x2 =38.538, p=0.000). Falls were reported by 68 subjects (15.89%) in male and 144 subjects(28.34%) in female in rural areas, and male fall rate was statistically different from female(x2 =20.580, p=0.000). In urban region, falls were reported by 28 subjects (10.29%) in male and 56 subjects(23.83%) in female, and male fall rate was statistically different from female( x 2=16.710, p=0.000) too.212 subjects(22.65%) occured in rural areas and 84 subjects(16.57%) in urban region. Compared to that in urban region, the fall rate in rural areas was evidently higher (x 2 =7.460, p=0.006). Male fall rate was significantly different between two districts( x 2=4.398, p=0.036), but no statistical difference in female( x2 =1.666, p=0.197).The difference of fall rates was significant in different age groups( x 2=87.611, p=0.000). The older, the higher fall rate. The fall rate for those over 80-year-old was 3.27 times of that for those aged 60-69. In rural areas, their difference was significant in different age groups ( x 2=83.077, p=0.000) and the fall rate for those over 80-year-old was 3.82 times of that for those aged 60-69. However, it was 1.66 times in urban region, and there was no statistical difference in different age groups( x2 =2.375, p=0.123).3. More falls occurred inside the home than outside the home in rural areas, but opposite in urban region. As to how long the fallers were on the ground before standing up again, 115 falls(40.21%) in less than 1 minutes, 93 (32.52%) in 1 to 5 minutes, 43(15.03%) in 5 to 10 minutes and 35(12.24%) after 10 minutes.4. The most direct causes of falls were stumble, slip, no surefooted or no suresat and weakness in the leg.5. 220(54.96%) of 393 falls resulted in injury, usually in the arms and legs. Among them, 131 falls resulted in bruises, 49 falls in abrasions and 24 falls in fractures. There were no obvious differences between the condition of injuries in urban region and those in rural areas. There were 67 falls(17.05%) that those need to lying in bed. In rural areas, there were 73 person- times(25.52%) who accepted the medical treatment after injury from falls, and the average expense of falls was 108 yuan. But in urban region, there were 40 person- times(37.38%) and the average expense was 212 yuan.6. There were four different dependent variable including falls(vs no falls), recurrent falls(vs one or no falls), one fall (vs no falls), recurrent falls(vs one fall). Considering four dependent variable, two districts (rural areas and urban region) and variable or sub-variable, there were 16 results of risk factor in all and the common results when dependent variable was falls (vs no falls). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the following factors were statistically associated with falls: female (OR=1.562, 95% C.I.: 1.040-2.347), history of falls (OR=7.409,95%C.I.:4.770~11.510), living alone (OR=1.671,95%C.I.: 1.051-2.657), many diseases (OR=1.240, 95% C.I.: 1.010- 1.522), many symptoms(OR=1.259,95%C.I.: 1.075-1.475), poor self-perceived health (OR=1.667,95% C.I.: 1.139-2.440), age( OR=1.782,95...
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