Investigation And Study On Rural Drinking Water Safety In Tianshui City

Guaranteeing the safety of rural drinking water is close to the health and normal life for the rural residents. It is the basic condition to establish the well-fare society, and it is also the important issue for the construction of new country of China. Tianshui city is located in the inner land of northwest China, where the special geological environment and shortage of water resources, together with contamination have resulted in the difficulty in drinking safe water in rural areas and constrained the better life and development of rural economy. Henceforth, investigating and solving the problems of rural drinking water is of vital importance for a better living environment, improving farmers' health station and promoting a better life. And a sustainable development of rural areas.On the basis of investigation of rural drinking water presentation, this article assessed the rural drinking water safety, analyzed the factors of unsafe drinking water, put forward the measures for the problems. The following research results were made.(1)Drinking water presentation and water supply projects in rural areas of Tianshui in 2004 were investigated. The investigation results showed that the dispersed water supply projects are the main form, with the beneficial population of 2422.8 thousand, accounting for 80.51% of the total rural population; and centralized water supply population were 586.4 thousand, accounting for 19.49%. In so far as thewater quality is concerned, the water quality of centralized water supply projects can satisfy the need of rural drinking water standard; however, problems of high fluorine water and brackish water exist in dispersed water supply projects.(2) According to the investigation results, the rural drinking water presentation in 2004 were assessed. Four assessment indicators of water quality, water amount, convenience of water use and guarantee ratio of water use were adopted. The assessment results showed that of all the rural population, there were 1.6505 million unsafe rural drinking water people, accounting for 55%, which meant that the rural drinking water situation was quite severe. Of all the unsafe drinking water people, there were 1.1352 million people due to water quality, 0.209 million due to water amount, and 213.2 thousand and 93.1 thousand due to inconvenience and guarantee ratio of water use respectively. It was clear that the population due to poor water quality accounted for 68.78%, which meant that the biggest problem of rural drinking water was caused by water quality. (3) After the assessment of rural drinking water, factors of unsafe drinking water were analyzed. The results showed that the factors of water resources shortage, frequent drought, special geographic environment and hydrogeology situation, lag of water supply projects, water contamination, and uncompleted rural drinking water system weighed heavily for the unsafe drinking water situation. Of all the factors, water resources shortage and frequent drought were responsible for the shortage of water, special geographic environment and hydrogeology situation resulted in the high fluorine and brackish water, and water contamination made the quality of surface water and groundwater more serious.(4) On the basis of assessment and factors of rural drinking water and combine with the situation of Tianshui city, some suggestions were given from the aspects of strengthening safe drinking water conception, quickening water supply projects construction, enhancing water contamination control and perfecting rural drinking water projects management system.The investigation and research can supply theoretical basis for water resources planning and construction of water engineering projects.