| An experiment was carried out in Beijing from 2005 to 2006 to study the effects of planting density, irrigation and fertilizers application on the Astragalus adsurgens Pall. (Erect Milkvetch) seed yield, seed yield components and seed quality parameters. Meanwhile, in order to measure accurately the content of toxic 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) in Astragalus adsurgens Pall and offer parameters for the decrease of 3-NPA and improvement of its nutrient quality by plant breeding, the contents of toxic 3-NPA of different growth stage in five varieties of Astragalus adsurgens Pall have been measured in this study. GC2010 Gas Chromatography, FID detector and the method of preparing 3-NPA methyl esters were used. The results indicated that:1. The inter-plant spacing show significant effects on Astragalus adsurgens Pall seed yield and seed yield components, but seed quality was not affected accordingly. The shoot number, inflorescence number and 1000-seed weight of the treatment inter-plant spacing of 2.0 m were higher than others. But the treatment inter-plant spacing of 1.0 m got the maximum potential seed yield of 1022.41 kg/hm2 and seed yield of 269.81 kg/hm2. The drill treatment with row space of 115 cm reached the highest potential seed yield of 1657.38 kg/hm2 and seed yield of 337.16 kg/hm2 for it had the maximum inflorescence number of per hectare, florets number/inflorescence and 1000-seed weight.2. The different models of irrigation under the same irrigation amount affects seed yield components and seed yield, at blooming stage, the treatment that only one irrigation with 900m3/hm2 got the maximum potential seed yield of 1611.1kg/hm2, 105.7％up than no irrigation treatment (CK), but no significant effects on seed quality.3. Phosphorus applications show significantly positive effects on seed yield. The treatment of 80 kgP2O5/hm2 in autumn+160 kgP2O5/hm2 in spring P3 (A80S160) got the maximum potential seed yield of 2470.95 kg/hm2 and seed yield of 820.65 kg/hm2, as treatment P3 (A80S160) increased the amount of inflorescence number of per hectare, florets number/inflorescence and pods number/racemes, 1000-seed weight (P＜0.05)4. Application of nitrogen in budding and blooming periods increases seed yield significantly than application at spring reviving stage. The mixed application of phosphorus and potassium shows significantly positive effects on seed yield. The effect of application of compound fertilizer in both of nutrition growth and reproductive growth periods was much more remarkably than only in nutrition growth period.5. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) was detected in five varieties of Astragalus adsurgens Pall. The result showed that the content of 3-NPA in different Astragalus adsurgens Pall. varieties were different. The content of 3-NPA in the wild variety that came from Wutai Mountain was the lowest than the others; among the cultivated varieties, the content of 3-NPA in "Pengyangzaoshu" variety was lower than the cultivated varieties came from "Henan" and "Shanxi"; the content of 3-NPA in new variety "Zhongsha No.1" is in a middle level, this indicated the nutrient quality of new variety had been improved remarkably.
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