The Studies On Culture Of Transgenic Panax Quinquefolium Crown Gall And Its Active Constituents

In this paper, the studies on the cultivation kinetics of suspension cultures of transgenic Panax quinquefolium (American ginseng) crown gall and its active constituents—ginsenosides were reported.This investigation clearly demonstrated that the crown gall of Panax quinquefolium could grow well in suspension culture in Murashige and Skoog media and biosynthesize ginsenosides. And to understand the growth characteristics of suspension cultures of the crown gall, the dynamic changes of pH in medium pH, residual sugar concentration, as well as the amounts of residual phosphate (expressed in phosphorus amount), nitrate, and ammonium in the medium were investigated in a shake flask cultivation. The dry weight of crown gall increased almost 6 times after 24 days cultivation, which was 25% higher than solid culture. The content of ginsenoside saponins reached a maximum at 27th day, i.e. 3.32% by dry weight, and which was comparable to that of solid culture, and 28% higher than that obtained from the callus culture. The consumption of major nutrients reflected the requirement of the cell growth and metabolism. During the whole cultivation, the utilization (by percentage) of sugar, phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate was 92,100, 81, and 97%, respectively. The change in medium pH (ranging between 4.9 and 5.2) was considered to be related with the utilization of sugar, ammonium and nitrate during cultivation.