| The anxiolytic-and antidepressant effects of GR were investigated by means of behavioral pharmacology for the first time. The other central-acting properties of GR were also examined to see whether clear differences could be observed between it and diazepam (DZ).In the elevated plus-maze test, GR (9mg/kg) increased the time of open arm and the GR (9 mg/kg) increased the percentage of open arm time. GR (9 mg/kg) prolonged the time spent in light area without altering the total locomotor activity of the animals in the dark-light emergence test. GR (9 mg/kg) caused increase in exploratory head-dipping counts and duration in the hole-board test. GR (9 mg/kg) significantly increased the number of central entries, the time spent in central area and anti-thigmotactic effect. In the test of stress-induced hyperthermia paradigm in singly-housed mice, GR (9mg/kg) significantly inhibited stress-induced hyperthermia. GR (9,27mg/kg) significantly reduced the time of mice raging in foot-shock induced aggression test. In the marble-burying test, GR (9,27mg/kg) significantly decreased the number of marbles buried in mice. In general, the results seen above indicate that GR, at specific doses, possesses a wide range of anxiolytic properties in different anxiety models.GR (3 mg/kg) reduced the duration of immobility in the forced swimming test. GR (3 mg/kg) produced a reduction in immobility in the tail suspension test. These results suggest that GR (3 mg/kg) may have antidepressant-like action.GR (27mg/kg) prolonged amobarbital sodium-induced sleeping time and GR(1-27mg/kg) didn’t disrupt learning and memory. The results of the traction test and the inclined plane test showed that GR did not impair muscle tone. At doses eliciting the anxiolytic-and antipressant effects,these results suggest that GR (7-56mg/kg) has no diazepam-like side-effects, such as over-sedation, muscle relaxation.In conclusion, these findings indicate that GR exhibits an anxiolytic and antipressant-like effects at given dosage. |
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