Research On Dynamic Simulation Methods Of Passenger Emergency Evacuation Organization In A Large-Scale Passenger Station

The large railway passenger stations in modern cities are large integrated transport hubs which are the inter-city railway passenger rails and all urban transportion modes in one, and the large public places which are used to carry out a large number of passenger distribution activities. How to make the passenger emergency evacuation plans for the passenger organizations based on the characteristics of the passenger flow distributions and laws of pedestrian traffic behaviors in large passenger station, is an important issue of practical significance. The modern large integrated passenger stations not only have the complex building structures, huge passenger flows and extensive traffic radiations, but also involve a variety of transportation modes, the organization and the management of the passenger flow travel behaviors(inbound, outbound, transit, purchase, transfer and business etc). So the passenger organization of the large passenger stations under emergency evacuation is a complex system engineering, using the advanced computer simulation technology in the field of research is currently an important direction.This paper is focused on the scientific research project of the Ministry of Railways, "research and development of large passenger terminal simulation system," on the background of the actual research to Beijing South Railway Station, and conducts the research about the dynamic simulation about the passenger emergency evacuation in large passenger station.The paper is based on the analysis of the current situation at home and abroad, conducts in-depth content research of the behaviors of the pedestrians (passenger flows), simulation model of pedestrian movements and the methods, the dynamic simulation methods of passenger organizations under the emergency evacuation, and combines theory and practice to have the dynamic simulation case about passenger safety organizations under the emergency evacuation of the Beijing South Railway StationThe paper uses the system analysis theory and method, based on the flow theory and crowd theory under unexpected events, has a detailed analysis of pedestrian behavior characteristics of the various factors under the emergency evacuation conditions; discusses the four pedestrian movement simulation models such as the cellular automata, mobile efficiency, social forces and gas dynamics, the characteristics and the applicability of the current widely used four pedestrian softwares such as STEPS,NOMAD,VISSIM and LEGION. Proposing the behaviors of the passenger emergency evacuation and the choice of environmental equipment state parameters in large passenger terminal, and the steps and methods to achieve dynamic simulation. Combined with the actual Beijing South Railway Station, with Legion simulation software platform, the paper makes the dynamic simulation experiment and the evaluation analysis about the passenger emergency evacuation organization program on the basement of the Beijing South Railway Station, gets the conclusions about the success rate, the control range of evacuation time, the optimal effect evacuation, evacuation routes and the optimization of the equipment. Meanwhile, the paper adopts the density, velocity and flow as the main technical indicators of passenger evacuation streamline service level, conducts the simulation about the evaluation of the service level, and provide a decision basis for the emergency passenger evacuation organization plans in the large passenger station.This paper includes 41 maps,13 tables and 48 references.