| In this thesis, the newest development in research of supercapacitors and the electrode materials of supercapacitor devices have been reviewed. SBA-15 molecular sieves / metal hydroxide electrode materials were prepared, and the electrochemical characteristics of the materials were explored in detail. The microstructures and morphologies of these materials were investigated by TGA, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM and BET measurements. The electrochemical performance has been evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). The main result is the following:The SBA-15 molecular sieves was synthesized in acidic media by using amphiphilic tribiock copolymers P123 (Aldrich, EO20PO70EO20, Ma=5800) as surfactant-templated, TEOS as the silica source at 308 K under static condition. Ordered, mesoporous SBA-15 was functionlized by different concentration of sulfuric acid solution at room temperature. Crystal structures, morphologies, pore size distributions, pore volumes, and synthesize mechanism of SBA-15 molecular sieves have been systemically explored. The electrochemical capacitance characteristic of SBA-15 molecular sieve has also been systemically explored. The SBA-15 materials are well-odered, two-dimensional hexagonal silica-block mesophases with pore sizes from 5 to 8 nm, pore volume fractions up to 1.14 cm3/g, and the BET surface area 944.3 m2/g. The pore sizes and BET surface area of functionlized SBA-15 using sulfuric acid solution were increased, while the two-dimensional hexagonal mesophases didn't changed. Electrochemical studies indicate that the SBA-15 samples did't show capacitance characteristics, the specific capacitance was almost 0 F/g.SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 composite materials was successfully synthesized by a facile chemical precipitation reaction between NiCl2·6H2O and NH3·H2O, while SBA-15 and functionlized SBA-15 samples were used as the template, respectively. The effect of material morphologies, discharging current and the weight percentage of SBA-15 in SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 materials on the electrochemical capacitance characteristics has also been systemically explored. The SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite materials shows alveolate-like morphology characteristics in the nanometer scale. It confirmed that the as-prepared Ni(OH)2 corresponds to the layeredα-Ni(OH)2 structure. Electrochemical test indicated that the specific capacitance was constituted by double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. The specific capacitance of SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite materials was reduced by increasing the discharge current and increasing the weight percentage of SBA-15 in the nanocomposite materials. The sulfonic-containing SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite materials have good electrochemical properties and lower impedance performance than that of pure SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 materials. The maximum specific capacitance of sulfonic-containing SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 was 1081.7 F/g, and the maximum specific capacitance of pure SBA-15 / Ni(OH)2 was 948.5 F/g.SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 composite materials was successfully synthesized by a facile chemical precipitation reaction between CoCl2·H2O and NH3·H2O, while SBA-15 and functionlized SBA-15 samples were used as the template, respectively. SBA-15 / Co3O4 nano-flakes materials with less crystallization were obtained by calcining SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 precursor at different temperatures. The effect of material morphologies, discharging mechanism, discharging current, annealing temperatures and the weight percentage of SBA-15 in SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 materials on the electrochemical capacitance characteristics has also been systemically explored. Structure characterizations indicate that a flower-like structure with low crystallinity for the SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 samples was obtained. It confirmed that the as-prepared Co(OH)2 corresponds to the layered a-Co(OH)2 structure. Electrochemical test indicated that SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 materials have good electrochemical properties and lower impedance performance. The specific capacitance of SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 was constituted by double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. The specific capacitance of SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 composite materials was reduced by increasing the discharge current and increasing the weight percentage of SBA-15 in the nanocomposite materials. As the annealing temperature increase, the specific capacitance of SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 samples decreased. The maximum specific capacitance of sulfonic-containing SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 was 457.8 F/g, and the maximum specific capacitance of pure SBA-15 / Co(OH)2 was 471.25 F/g.
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