Research On Simulation Of Individual Emergency Evacuation In Residential District

With the acceleration of the urbanization process in china, urban residents are living together in residential districts. There are a large number of people living in residential districts and buildings which are centralization. Once emergency happens, it will result in enormous casualty and property loss. Residents in the residential districts should be evacuated quickly as far as possible that is an effective measure to deal with emergency. So much more attention should be paid to individual evacuation in residential districts. This paper studies residents'evacuation in a residential district under emergency by using micro-simulation technology which can show the whole evacuation course visualization. Evacuation time as an index is used to analyse effect of simulation efficiency for discrepancies in psychology and physiology of evacuees. Result of the paper has important realistic significance as a reference for making emergency management plan and improving emergency evacuation efficiency.The paper studies evacuation course of people outside of buildings. According to emergency levels, safe districts should be assigned, and evacuation mode should be chosen, place around the dangerous places should be confirmed as shelters; factors which effect choices of evacuees should be analysed and a model that shows evacuees how to choose shelters as their destinations is developed. The traffic environment of the residential district is built in simulation software VISSIM. The process of evacuees escaping from building outlets to shelters is visually displayed in VISSIM.In order to reflect the temporal distribution of evacuees, different number of evacuees is loaded into the software at different time based on the departure time curve of evacuees. The probability of the choice of different shelters is estimated by the evacuee's choice probability of different shelters, and the spatial distribution of evacuees is reflected by the OD matrix which displays the number of evacuees between different building outlets and shelters. Time necessary to evacuate all residents and the number of residents evacuated at different time are obtained by VISSIM simulation. Parameter value is adjusted to simulate whether there are information guiding the whole evacuation process or not, and evacuation time without information is contrast with evacuation time that with information. Values of rationality degree and distances evacuees are familiar with of model are changed to conclude choices of shelters by evacuees according to discrepancies in psychology and physiology of evacuees, and evacuation time which is changed with values of parameters is analysed.