Analysis On Landscape Pattern Change And Ecological Environmental Vulnerability Assessment Of The Southern Coastal Wetland Of Laizhou

Over the last decade, changes in wetland landscape have received universal concern, and patterns of wetland landscape have become hot issues in the field of a landscape ecology and global change research. As an integral part of the wetland, Coastal wetland is the interactive zone of the land and the sea, which has a relatively developed economy, disrupted intensively by human activities. Its ecological environment, the internal organization, structure and function have also been easily affected. The landscape patterns of the wetland have been continuously changed and its ecological environment has been fragile. Thus, researches of the landscape patterns and ecological vulnerability of coastal wetlands can provide views for the protection and restoration of ecological systems, which make sense to the implementation of coordinated development of ecology, society and economy.The coastal area of Laizhou Bay with vast beaches and abundant products is an important place of fishery and salt production and brine mine in Shandong Province, and its industry and agriculture have developed rapidly. Meanwhile, it is also a disaster-prone area along the coastline. Over the past 30 years, the coastal plain of the Laizhou Bay has become typical sea-salt water intrusion area, which was caused by human economic activity and the physical environment changes. In this paper, the southern coastal wetland of Laizhou Bay is the study area. Based on multi-source remote sensing and non-remote sensing data, research in the landscape patterns change and the environmental vulnerability assessment of the study area has been carried on. Its time scale is the 12-year time from 1992 to 2004 and spatial scale is the complete saltwater area. With investigation and previous studies and support of GIS, three TM images of 1992, 2000 and 2004 as the sources of information, a landscape classification system is set up and landscape information is extracted. Through the establishment of wetland landscape index, the landscape patterns changes of the study area have been analyzed. Combined with"pressure - state - response" (PSR) model and general evaluation method, the eco-environmental vulnerability of the coastal wetland is analyzed, which offers references for the protection of wetland resources and its sustainable development. Study on landscape pattern changes and the ecological environmental vulnerability of the coastal wetland of Laizhou Bay, can do favor to wetland protection and restoration of ecosystems and make great sense to sustainable development of eco-system security and economic society of coastal area of Laizhou Bay.This paper has four parts. The first part includes chapters one and two. Mainly in the background of wetland at home and abroad, as well as ecological vulnerability study for the entry point, the studies of coastal area of laizhou Bay is introduced and the research purposes and the significance are described, as well as the analysis of physical geographical conditions and socio-economic conditions of the study area. The second part includes chapters three and four. With the support of GIS and three TM images of 1992, 2000 and 2004 as the sources of information, combining with the wetland landscape classification system, landscape information is extracted. Through the establishment of transfer matrix of landscape types and index, the landscape patterns changes and its driving forces of the study area have been analyzed. The third part includes chapters five and six. It mainly introduces the assessment of eco-environmental vulnerability of the study area, which includes the principles of evaluation, model selection, evaluation criteria and the selection of evaluation methods. By calculating, the degree of the coastal wetland eco-environment vulnerability is 0.6, belonging to the fragile state of moderate. According to the vulnerability degree and its driving forces, the principles and suggestion of sustainable development of southern coastal wetland of Laizhou Bay are put forward. The last part is conclusion and discussion. Research work on the thesis is summed up and direction of in-depth study is made.