The Influence Of High Standard Farmland Construction On Grain Productivity

Food security has always been the top priority of governance.Cultivated land is the most important material basis for food production.The key to the stable growth of food is the quantity and quality of cultivated land.However,from the perspective of reality,China faces the problems of small per capita arable land,serious shortage of reserve arable land resources,weak agricultural infrastructure,and low disaster prevention and resilience.It is urgent to improve the quality of arable land to improve agricultural comprehensive production capacity and agricultural production efficiency.Therefore,strengthening the construction of high-standard farmland is an important measure to make up for the shortcomings of agricultural production,implement the strategy of ’ storing grain in land ’and ensure national food security.In recent years,with the advancement of high-standard farmland construction,domestic scholars have carried out systematic research on the theoretical and practical problems of high-standard farmland construction and management.Looking at the existing research,most of them are normative research at the macro level.There are relatively few studies on the quantitative impact of high-standard farmland construction on food productivity.Based on this,this study is based on the basic starting point of high-standard farmland construction affecting grain productivity,using the micro tracking survey data and macro statistical data collected in 2018 and 2021 of ’ One Hundred Villages and One Thousand Households ’ in Jiangxi Province,using DID,PSM-DID,DEA-Malmquist index method,Tobit model method and other empirical methods to explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction on grain yield per unit area,production factor input and total factor productivity,and analyze the internal mechanism of high-standard farmland affecting grain productivity,in order to promote the deepening and refinement of research in this field.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1.High standard farmland construction has a significant positive impact on grain yield.Based on 832 two-period balanced panel data of Jiangxi Province in 2018 and2021,’ high-standard farmland construction ’ was taken as a quasi-natural experiment to explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction on grain yield per unit area.The results of the difference test of grain yield variables showed that the difference between the average grain yield of the experimental group and the control group before and after the construction of high-standard farmland expanded by 90.789 jin.On this basis,by controlling the individual level characteristic variables,family level characteristic variables,production factor input level characteristic variables,crop fixed effect and time fixed effect of production decision makers,the double difference method is used to further explore the impact of high standard farmland construction on grain yield.The results show that high standard farmland construction can significantly improve the level of grain yield.Using the PSM-DID model for robustness testing,the results still hold.2.High-standard farmland construction has a positive impact on some input of grain production factors.Based on the micro-survey data of Jiangxi Province,the impact of high-standard farmland construction on the input of grain production factors is investigated.The factor input mainly includes four aspects: labor input,machinery input,fertilizer input and other input.The results of univariate difference test showed that there was no significant difference in labor input,mechanical input,fertilizer input and other inputs between the experimental group and the control group before the construction of high-standard farmland.After the construction of high-standard farmland,the difference between the mechanical input and other inputs of the experimental group and the control group changed.After controlling the individual level characteristic variables of production decision makers,the family level characteristic variables,the crop fixed effect and the time fixed effect,the difference-in-difference method is used to further explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction on the input of production factors.The results show that high-standard farmland construction will significantly increase labor input,machinery input and fertilizer input in the process of grain production,but has no significant effect on other inputs.Using PSM-DID model for robustness test,the results are consistent with the DID model.3.High-standard farmland construction can significantly increase food total factor productivity.Based on the macro data,the influence of high-standard farmland construction on grain total factor productivity is studied.The labor days per mu,material and service cost per mu and the amount of fertilizer per mu are selected as the input index of grain,and the yield of main grain products is selected as the output index of grain.The DEA-Malmquist index model was used to measure the total factor productivity of grain in31 provinces(cities and districts)from 2005 to 2020,and the Tobit model was used to analyze the impact of high-standard farmland construction on total factor productivity of grain.The results show that high standard farmland construction can significantly improve grain total factor productivity.Heterogeneity analysis found that high-standard farmland construction significantly increased the total factor productivity of grain in the western region,and had no significant impact on other regions.The convergence model results show that from 2005 to 2020,the national and regional grain total factor productivity showed significant convergence,but the high-standard farmland construction did not have a significant impact on the narrowing of regional grain total factor productivity differences.4.China ’s high standard farmland construction needs to be further promoted.Based on the micro-survey data of ’ one hundred villages and one thousand households ’ in Jiangxi Province and the provincial panel data of 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan,through descriptive statistical analysis,it is found that at the micro level,the proportion of high-standard farmland construction in the existing rice planting samples in Jiangxi Province is relatively small,and the coverage rate of high-standard farmland in mountainous and hilly areas is low,and the coverage degree needs to be further improved.At the macro level,there are some differences in the construction of high-standard farmland among the provinces in the eastern,central and western regions.Specifically,the proportion of high-standard farmland in the eastern region is 46.885 %,which is much higher than the national average of 36.14 %,while the proportion of high-standard farmland construction in the central and western regions is 30.82 % and 29.65 %,respectively,which are lower than the national average.Based on the above research conclusions,the following countermeasures are proposed:First,we will further promote the construction of high-standard farmland,promote financial funds to tilt towards provinces with difficult and heavy tasks in the construction of high-standard farmland,make every effort to expand the coverage area of high-standard farmland construction,and formulate more detailed high-standard farmland construction quality evaluation standards to ensure the quality and efficiency of cultivated land.The second is to scientifically plan the spatial layout of high-standard farmland according to local conditions,clarify the construction content and investment standards of high-standard farmland construction in different terrain areas,enhance the adaptability of high-standard farmland in different regions,and effectively solve the heterogeneity of high-standard farmland construction in different regions.Third,establish and improve the regulatory mechanism,the implementation of the most stringent farmland protection system,strict project quality supervision,improve the village-level regulatory system,to stimulate high-standard farmland to release greater food production potential.The fourth is to encourage the application of innovative technologies,establish and improve the scientific and technological innovation system and incentive mechanism,innovate the agricultural management system,further improve the level of agricultural mechanization and the utilization efficiency of agricultural resources,reduce the labor cost and pesticide and fertilizer input in the process of grain production,and promote the cost reduction and efficiency increase of high-standard farmland construction.