Research On The View Of Disease In The Medical Books On Silk And Silk In The Pre-Qin And Han Dynasties

This research is based on the integrated methodology of Chinese Medicine,Philosophy,Literature,History of Science,Medicine Anthropology and Medicine Philosophy,to investigate the Qin Han Medical Bamboosilk literature.The objective of this study is to investigate the early concept of disease,understanding how the early practitioner think.The basic summarization will be the research element and aids for the further research.The concept of disease is the clinical practice and thinking of the early medicine,which is a part of Chinese Medicine.Which can further enrich the research TCM history.By understanding the conceptual change of disease,so we can answer recent doubt in philosophy of science.This article studies the history of medical philosophy by analyzing the clinical technology.So,the changes of the theoretical system,methodology and epistemology can be explored.MethodThis study investigate the concept of disease by analyzing the clinical system from the appearance to the essence.This study analyzes the phenomenon and essence of the clinical system by using the inherent logic of language,technology,thinking,methodology,epistemology,and ontology.The definition of disease,the language of the disease,the etiology,the diagnostic approach and the treatment are discussed to analyze the concept of disease in Qin Han Medical Bamboosilk literature.ResultFirst of all,this article summarizes the symptoms described in Bamboosilk Literature.The basic definitions and changes of diseases are analyzed.Bamboosilk Literature shows the transformation of the definition of disease.The illness recorded are mainly dermatological and orthopedical illness.For the Illness in Meridians,mainly is about “pain management”.But we also find that,some psychological problem is already medicalized in the early history.And about the space of disease,we found that in bamboosilk literature.We found that the physical issue has become medical issue by connecting body space and body induction.In Bamboosilk Literature,the meridian system connected the inside and outside of body by forming channels.The discovery and confirmation of body induction gradually expand the field of disease.“Annoyance” is a typical example explaining the relationship between discomfort of body,spirits and external symbols.In chapter three,the terms and methods of describing the experience of pain in Bamboosilk Literature are studied,from the characteristics of the terms of illness and the description of the experience of pain.It was found that some words and conditions that were used to describe anatomy have gradually shifted their meanings to dysregulation of qi,or matched with natural language terms,and then connected with corresponding physical feelings.The expression of physical sensation is transformed from the daily language to perception culture based on “yinyang-5phases”.Cold and heat become the basic symbol for describing diseases and physical states.In contrast,the classification of anatomical diseases and anatomical terms were less inherited by later generations(e.g.heart hernia),which illustrates the choices of ancient doctors.In chapter four,the etiology content in Bamboosilk Literature is analyzed.Ghosts,gods and self-worship are gradually replaced(some ghosts are replaced by wind).It can be considered that ghost theology is gradually replaced by the etiology of natural causes.The etiology of natural causes is then replaced by the qi theory.The causes of disease can be linked by physical sense and demonstrated by “yinyang-5phases”.The theory of ghosts and gods has become irrelevant,and some doctors denied ghosts and gods directly.In chapter five,the diagnostic methods in Bamboosilk Literature are examined.The methods of data collection and reasoning of the disease are analyzed.In Bamboosilk Literature,visual,tactile and qi data are collected.And in the process of diagnosis,doctors become the subject of perception rather than the subject of thinking.They judged the feeling and palpation by accumulating general feelings.The use of diagnostic data changed from the esoteric single data correspondence(heuristics)to the pathophysiology of disease.In chapter six,the prevention and treatment methods in Bamboosilk Literature are examined.The ancients’ attitudes,treatment of the disease and their clinical decisions are analyzed.Firstly,the social label and punishment of the disease were removed from Bamboosilk Literature.The disease was discussed from a pure medical perspective.At the same time,Bamboosilk Literature shows the accumulation of clinical results and treating disease by understanding the relationship between disease and treatment.The treatment detached from the worship of ghosts and gods.The doctors made decisions based on clinical results rationally.ConclusionIn conclusion,the concept of disease we found in Bamboosilk included “ghost disease concept”,“natural energy disease concept”,“qi-anatomy disease concept”,“meridian disease concept” and “qi-yinyang-five phase” disease concept.The view of disease changed from ghost and god power,external natural energy,etc.to the external and internal causes under the Qi theory.The transformation of these views on disease has shown how the public resources of society have gradually penetrated medicine to build a system.This has changed the way of observation and the cognition of disease.The metaphor and social significance of disease has also changed.Naturalists became purely technological,which can be inspired by social trends of thought,but not controlled by social trends of thought.The definition of disease has changed to the imbalance of the whole mind and body.The physical feelings are gradually noticed and interpreted in “yinyang-5phases”.Then,the physical experience and “yinyang-5phases” form a physiopathological network,which eventually allows knowledge to be accumulated and the treatment establishes a causal relationship with the physiology and pathology of “yinyang-5phases”.Out of the framework of TCM culture,we use "Birth of Clinical Medicine" to compare the shaping period of Chinese and foreign medical systems.Examining the transformation of Chinese and Western clinical methods,this study illustrates how medicine rejects fantasy.We found that Bamboosilk literature shows the connection between clinical reality and theoretical system with embodiment,and human and nature is connected by qi but as a separated system,that means qi is the only media between human and nature.So medicine is not interfered by other social powers and ideas.From the perspective of contemporary philosophy of science,the transformation of the concept of disease in Bamboosilk literature has the characteristics of constructive realism.The physiological frame constructed by practice is summarized by Qi theory.Language strangification transformed the body and pain experience into “yinyang-5phases” body-sensing language.Practical strangification extended the body structure of “yinyang-5phases” to other social contexts.These two extrapolations ultimately connected the microworld(medical experience)and social context.So the knowledge can be integrated and medical knowledge is universalized and has truth value.In conclusion,taking the view of disease as the core content,the context of the theory and thought from the substantial clinical technology is found.This article explains from the universal medical philosophy.It shows that TCM medical culture is not only a precious national culture.It has full legitimacy and value in universal medical philosophy and scientific philosophy.However,the breadth and depth of data collection can still be strengthened.Concise interpretation and disclosure are needed.Therefore,we can analyze the evolution of ideas and methods with more clinical data.