Study On Heat Using Mode And Heat Consumption Characteristics In Buildings Adopting Heat Metering Systems

In north China, the metering of the central heating system is the primary work ofthe energy-saving and emission-reduction at present. Studying the law of the energyconsumption of the buildings adopting heat metering systems have vast importance inpushing the nation’s heat metering work forward and digging the energy-consciousspaces.Building is the energy consumption subject of the central heating supply systemand the person in the building are the main body who use the energy. The using of heatmetering technology and equipments makes it possible for users to regulate the indoorair temperature and the indoor air temperature can be adjusted according to their needs.Different heat using mode are summarized according to the way the user set thetemperature and different heat consumption laws are derived. First of all, this paperstudied heat using mode of the buildings with heat metering system by inductivereasoning method and concluded three heat using modes according to the familystructure characteristics and the residential behaviors in the current society, i.e. the fixedmode, the timing adjustment mode and the non-timing adjustment mode. Andsummarized the characteristic index of the three heat using modes and thecharacteristics of the heat users. According to the room thermal equilibrium theory,analyze the indoor air temperature change rule in24hours a day under timingadjustment mode and compared the theoretical indoor air temperature rule to themeasured values in this mode. The result shows that the maximum whole day indoor airtemperature fluctuation range is about2～3℃in the actual heat supply room using thisheat using mode.According to the room shape coefficient and the characteristics of the heatconsumption of the users from different positions in the building, the heat users in thebuilding are divided into6different types. The indoor air temperature and the heat loadexperiments under fixed and timing adjustment heat using modes are carried out tothese6kind of users from different typical positions and the relative indoor airtemperature and heat loads are analyze. The result shows that the average indoor airtemperature drop of the users from different positions is less than1℃when thetemperature control valve shut down about6hours during daytime and the heat energy saving effect is the most significant to the user in the middle position of the buildingadopting timing adjustment mode.Study the theoretical calculation method of the heat metering buildings. Define theroom overall heat transfer coefficient URat first, analysis the meaning, the law and theeffect of this coefficient. If the heat supply is continuous in the room, then the overallheat transfer coefficient is a fixed value and it will become small when the heat supplyis intermittent. The changing rule of the room overall heat transfer coefficient of theheat users from different typical positions in the building does not well agree with eachother under different heat supply methods in different energy saving stages. But thisrule is general accord with the rule of the room shape coefficient. Based on matrixtheory, build the building overall heat transfer coefficient calculation formula includingthe room overall heat transfer coefficient, heat using pattern and the quantity of thebuilding heat users.Using the theoretical formula of the building overall heat transfer coefficient,estimate the heat consumption to typical buildings under different heat using modes.Evaluate the heat load stationary of the daily heat load during heat seasons under fixedand timing adjustment heat using mode.Adopts time series analysis method to test the stationary and normality to the heatload time series in buildings without heat meters actually and the buildings with heatmeters. The result shows that compared to fixed heat using mode, the higher ratio thatthe complex heat using modes is used in building or the timing adjustment heat usingmode is used, the more volatility of the time series of the heat loads. It’s evaluationindex changed from1.4under fixed heat using mode to1.65or so, and the randomnessof the heat load time series weakens significantly. The accumulating characteristics ofthe heat consumption shows that the more the users adopts fixed mode, the less heatconsumption in the heating period. If all the heat users adopt timing adjustment heatusing mode in the whole heating period, the temperature control valve shut off6hoursor so everyday, the energy saving is about20%. Using the theoretical calculationformula of the building overall heat transfer coefficient to calculate the heatconsumption in actual buildings adopt heat metering systems, and the rationality of it isvalidated.Using heating mode theory, room overall heat transfer coefficient theory, study theheat using management mode of buildings adopt heat meters. Adopts the researchthinking from micro to meso, based on the principal to make hard things simple, build the heat using management mode of the heat metering buildings using heat users as themicro units. Using this mode, the heat management company can make thepre-assessment of the heat users and the buildings heat consumption in the heatingperiod and judge the rationality of it.