The Study On The Diplomatic Relations Between Ming And Korea

Ming Dynasty China (1368-1644) is substantially equal to the first part of Choson Dynasty(Korea below) (1392-1910) when Ming Dynasty and Korean peninsula remained in friendly relations. In this period, Ming and Korea has closely connected diplomatically, which is called by the academics as Poem and Fu Diplomacy.This subject studies the diplomatic relations between Ming and Korea, centering on Poem and Fu Diplomacy. This subject tries to explain systematically Poem and Fu Diplomacy between Ming and Korea on the basis of the existing research results and primary source by the methods of science of historical data, induction and interdisciplinary historic method, therefore making up for a deficiency of the study on diplomatic issues between Ming and Korea. In the course of the study, this writer inspects the diplomacy between Ming and Korea under the historical environment at that time, attempting to face up to the history and evaluating this association in the historical circumstances and context, therefore summing up historical experience and lessons, exerting my pygmy effort for development of Sino-Korean traditional friendship.Chapter one is Introduction, mainly explains the aim, significance, related research background, research range and method.Chapter two illuminates the diplomacy basis between Ming Dynasty and Korea, especially the political elements and cultural basis which affected Poem and Fu Diplomacy between both sides. For example, their thoughts of founding state, Korea Admiration Thoughts, both belonging to Chinese Character Cultural Circles and homogeneity in both literature, on basis of which analyzes the domestic and international situation facing the Ming and Korea and its impact on the relationship between two countries and their diplomatic policies, reveals the causes of two countries setting up the diplomatic relationship and positive role of the diplomatic policies established by the founders of the two countries.Chapter three discourses the diplomatic characteristics between Ming and Korea, Lay heavy stress on Poem and Fu Diplomacy, explores the influence of historical tradition on Poem and Fu Diplomacy, describes its developing course in the context of historical background, and then revealing the causes of the formation of Poem and Fu Diplomacy. Poem and Fu Diplomacy in this paper refers to a special, meaningful and important diplomatic pattern by which both envoys, mostly savants and scholars, proceed poetic prose antiphons and knowledge inter-change in the course of diplomatic mission, and then expanding to other fields exchange. By antiphons and exchange, both sides deepen the communication and solve the political hot potato with excellent results. Next, introduces the missions and established routes of both sides.Chapter four analyzes the diplomatic people of Ming and Korea including envoys and others, stressing on the primary members in Poem and Fu Diplomacy between Ming and Korea. In addition, there are also Confucian scholars who are associated with the civil chancellors of two countries. Those people above-mentioned are not only the one who practice Poem and Fu Diplomacy but also the one who disseminate cultures and promote culture hybrid and play an important role in the diplomatic process between both sides. Civil chancellors of both sides well-chosen have a high degree of Chinese literature and profound cultural foundation and have the qualifications for mutual exchanges. Out of the mission and personal emotion, they leave many famous biography, for example, Shi Chaoxianlu(Selection from Ming Envoy sent to Korea), Chaotianlu(Selections from Korean envoys sent to Ming Dynasty). These selections containing journey, association, stories and sentiment are rich in content and varied in style, having higher value in history and literature.Chapter five explores the diplomatic activities between Ming and Korea. As a special diplomatic pattern, Poem and Fu Diplomacy determines its main content literal communication and then enlarging to other fields such as language and Charater, books and scriptures, calligraphy and painting, Confucian, and science and technology, from which we can see the rich contents and wide range of the Poem and Fu Diplomacy between Ming and Korea. Those exchanges not only enhance the two-way understandings and friendship but also deepen friendly relations.Chapter six analyzes the perfection of Poem and Fu Diplomacy between Ming and Korea, i.e.Huanghuaji(A Collecton of Huanghua). Huanghuaji compiled by the Korean government contains the works of antiphons written by Ming envoys who are well-chosen and good at poetry and writing and the Korean officials who are in charge of the reception of the Ming envoys and are all Confucian scholars with grounding in Chinese literature. Huanghuaj involves various contents such as scenery, customs,festivals, friendship and expression of sorrow of parting and homesick with multiple styles and sincere feelings, possessing pretty high literal and historical value. Envoy literature is rarely touched at present and Huanghuaj can be said the represent and comprehensive expression of the Envoy Literature. Chapter seven summaries the role of the diplomatic relations between Ming and Korea in the whole history of the Sino-Korean relationships. Envoys launch forth on the important mission of communicating both sides. Poem and Fu Diplomacy, as a special diplomatic pattern, compensates for the political communication and becomes the efficient path for both sides to promote understandings and preserve peace. In the aspect of solving the political issues, deepening both sides cultural exchange and intimating their friendly relations, Poem and Fu Diplomacy plays an important role.