Efficient Utilization Of Water Resources And Allocation Model Of Water Rights In Ningxia

With the development of economy and expansion of population, the shortage of water resources becomes more and more strictness. It is a research difficulty and hot-point by domestic and foreign scholars that how to achieve highly efficient utilization of water resources and rational allocation through comprehensive applications of various water-saving measures.According to the present situation of water resources in the Yellow River irrigation areas of Ningxia, the study on effective utilization of water resources and water right allocation was analyzed systematically. The water-saving measures on agriculture, engineering and management such as water-saving irrigation technology for major crops, seepage control of canal systems, water price forming mechanism have also been studied. Based on those work, allocation models of initial water right was established and the water right allocation scheme also be given in the Yellow River irrigation areas of Ningxia, which aimed at improving the utilization efficiency and making rational allocation of regional water resources.The main achievements of this study are listed as follows:(1) Through the typical crop irrigation investigation in different regions and Combined with previous research results, the water-saving irrigation systems of major dry crops such as spring wheat, wheat interplanting of com, com and so on was given. This provided a technical basis for the rational allocation of water resources in Ningxia. Preliminary findings show that the limited irrigation techniques in yellow river pumping irrigation district in Ningxia have more water production than the yellow river irrigation area.(2) Through the anti-seepage, antifreeze and economic analysis of different materials and different lining channels, ten typical kinds of models on agricultural drainage water-saving project have been found, which fit for main canals, branch canals and bucket canals in Ningxia region. Detailed technical and economic indicators also be given, which provided technical support for selection in the appropriate lining types through the future planning of different levels.(3) Based on the current water price policies, agricultural water supply cost pricing of water price formation mechanism was carried out. Considering the payment ability of peasant and the basic characteristics of agricultural water supply and using in Ningxia, agricultural water prices should improve to meet the level of water costs gradually. Using the distribution coefficient method to analysis, water supply price of the gravity irrigation area in 2010 is as follows:Agricultural plant per cubic meter 6.37 cents, aquaculture per cubic meter 6.8 cents and high water-consumption crops 6.59 cents respectively. Pumping irrigation districts is:Guhai 22.77, Yanhuan Ding 27.26, Hongsi Pu 22.52, and Guhai expanding irrigation 22.77 cents respectively. All these can be used as the technical basis for agricultural water prices in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Water price as a leverage, promoted water-saving and rational allocation on water resources.(4) Putting five prefecture-level cities as the basic irrigation unit of Ningxia, allocation models of initial water right were established using AHP and TOPSIS. The initial water right allocation index system was confirmed, which accord with the actual conditions of Ningxia Yellow River gravity irrigation district. Then the recursive hierarchy structure of the index system was made. And furthermore, using software MATLAB, the ratios of initial water right allocation in Ningxia Yellow River gravity irrigation districts are calculated. The initial water right allocation ratios of five prefecture-level cities in Ningxia which named as Ml, M2, M3, M4, and M5 are 0.387,0.2175,0.2433,0.1521 and 0.1341 respectively. Using these ratios,3.7 billion m3 of mainstream consume water in Ningxia Yellow River was allocated. The result fit for status in quo, so this method is feasible.Using the combination of AHP and TOPSIS method, the redistribution of initial water right (space configuration) in county distribution level was given too. The space water right allocation model of the city level was established too. And using this model,3.7 billion m3 of the total Ningxia Yellow River irrigation resources was assigned to each county. The space allocation program of 14 counties of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was given under the conditions of multi-year average runoff, water frequency 75% and 95%.The initial water right allocation among various sectors(industry configuration) was also discussed primarily in this thesis.